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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 7 7 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 2 2 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
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Appian, Sicily and the Other Islands (ed. Horace White), Fragments (search)
Fragments FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Y.R. 502 BOTH Romans and Carthaginians were destitute of money; B.C. 252 and the Romans could no longer build ships, being exhausted by taxes, yet they levied foot soldiers and sent them to Africa and Sicily from year to year, while the Carthaginians sent an embassy to Ptolemy, the son of Ptolemy the son of Lagus, king of Egypt, seeking to borrow 2000 talents. He was on terms of friendship with both Romans and Carthaginians, and he sought to bring about peace between them. As he was not able to accomplish this, he said: "It behooves one to assist friends against enemies, but not against friends."No other mention of this embassy, says Schweighäuser, is found in any ancient writings that have come down to us. FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Y.R. 512 When the Carthaginians had met with two disasters on land at the same time, and two at sea where they had considered themselves much the superior, a
Polybius, Histories, book 1, The Carthaginians Prosperous (search)
flight than anything else. When they reached Sicily and had made the promontory of Lilybaeum they cast anchor at Panormus. Thence they weighed anchor for Rome, and rashly ventured upon the open sea-line as the shortest; but while on their voyage they once more encountered so terrible a storm that they lost more than a hundred and fifty ships. The Romans after this misfortune, though they are eminently persistent in carrying out their undertakings, yet owing to the severity and frequencyB. C. 252. of their disasters, now yielded to the force of circumstances and refrained from constructing another fleet. B. C. 251. Coss. Lucius Caecilius Metellus, G. Furius Pacilus. All the hopes still left to them they rested upon their land forces: and, accordingly, they despatched the Consuls Lucius Caecilius and Gaius Furius with their legions to Sicily; but they only manned sixty ships to carry provisions for the legions. The fortunes of the Carthaginians had in their turn considerably improved o
Polybius, Histories, book 10, His Birth and Education (search)
His Birth and Education Philopoemen, then, to begin with, was of good birth, Birth, parentage, and education of Philopoemen b. B.C. 252 descended from one of the noblest families in Arcadia. He was also educated under that most distinguished Mantinean, Cleander, who had been his father's friend before, and happened at that time to be in exile. When he came to man's estate he attached himself to Ecdemus and Demophanes, who were by birth natives of Megalopolis, but who having been exiled by the tyrant, and having associated with the philosopher Arcesilaus during their exile, not only set their own country free by entering into an intrigue against Aristodemus the tyrant, but also helped in conjunction with Aratus to put down Nicocles, the tyrant of Sicyon. On another occasion also, on the invitation of the people of Cyrene, they stood forward as their champions and preserved their freedom for them. Such were the men with whom he passed his early life; and he at once began to show a sup
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Aure'lia Gens plebeian, of which the family names, under the republic, are COTTA, ORESTES, and SCAURUS. On coins we find the cognomens Cotta and Scaurus, and perhaps Rufus (Eckhel, v. p. 147), the last of which is not mentioned by historians. The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was C. Aurelius Cotta in B. C. 252, from which time the Aurelii become distinguished in history down to the end of the republic. Under the early emperors, we find an Aurelian family of the name of Fulvus, from which the Roman emperor Antoninus was descended, whose name originally was T. Aurelius Fulvus. [See pp. 210, 211.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Cotta, Aure'lius 1. C. Aurelius Cotta, was consul in B. C. 252, with P. Servilius Geminus, and both consuls carried on the war in Sicily against the Carthaginians with great success. Among several other places they also took Himera, but its inhabitants had been secretly removed by the Carthaginians. Afterwards Cotta borrowed ships from Hiero, and having united them with the remnants of the Roman fleet, he sailed to Lipara, the blockade of which he left to his tribune, Q. Cassius, with the express order not to engage in a battle; but, during the absence of the consul, Cassius notwithstanding allowed himself to be drawn into an engagement, in which many Romans were killed. On being informed of this Cotta returned to Lipara, besieged and took the town, put its inhabitants to the sword, and deprived Cassius of his office of tribune. Cotta was celebrated for the strict discipline which he maintained among his troops, and of which several instances are on record. During the siege of Lipara
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ge'minus, Servi'lius 1. P. Servilius Cn., Q. F. N. GEMINUS, was consul in B. C. 252, with C. Aurelius Cotta. Both consuls carried on the war in Sicily against the Carthaginians, and some towns were taken by them. Himera was among the number; but its inhabitants had been carried off by the Carthaginians. In B. C. 248 he was consul a second time, with his former colleague, and besieged Lilybaeum and Drepana, while Carthalo endeavoured to make a diversion by a descent upon the coast of Italy. (Zonar. 8.14, 16.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Longi'nus, Ca'ssius 1. Q. Cassius Longinus, tribune of the soldiers in the second Punic war, B. C. 252, was sent by the consul, C. Aurelius Cotta, to blockade Lipara, but with strict orders not to engage in battle. As Longinus, however, disobeyed these orders, and suffered a severe defeat, he was deprived of his command by Cotta. (Zonar. 8.14.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Messalla (search)
ciation (Messana -- Messalla), remained in the Valerian family for nearly eight centuries. A house on the Palatine hill was a more tangible recompence of his services (Ascon. in Pisonian. p. 13, Orelli); and his triumph was distinguished by two remarkable monuments of his victory-by a pictorial representation of a battle with the Sicilian and Punic armies, which he placed in the pronaos of the Curia Hostilia (Plin. Nat. 35.4.7; Schol. Bob. in Vatinian. p. 318, Orelli; comp. Liv. 41.28), and which Pliny regards as one of the earliest encouragements to art at Rome--and by a sun-dial, Horologium, from the booty of Catana, which was set up on a column behind the rostra, in the forum. (Varro, apud Plin. H. N. 7.60; Dict. of Antiq. s. v. Horologium.) Messalla was censor in B. C. 252, when he degraded 400 equites to aerarians for neglect of duty in Sicily. (Plb. 1.16, 17; Diod. Eclog. 23.5; Zonar. 8.9; Liv. xvi. Epit.; Eutrop. 2.19; Oros. 4.7; Sen. Brev. Vit. 13; Macr. 1.6; Val. Vax. 2.9.7.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
e league. He had accordingly not cared to train a nation of soldiers, and had in consequence been more or less dependent upon Macedonian troops in his wars with Sparta and other enemies, thereby making himself and his nation to a great extent the subjects of a foreign power. Philopoemen, on the contrary, was both a brave soldier and a good general; and the possession of these qualities enabled him to make the Achaean league a really independent power in Greece. Philopoemen was born about B. C. 252, since he was in his seventieth year at the time of his death in B. C. 183 (Plut. Phil. 18). His family was one of the noblest in all Arcadia, but he lost his father, who was one of the most distinguished men at Megalopolis, at an early age, and was brought up by Cleander, an illustrious citizen of Mantineia, who had been obliged to leave his native city, and had taken refuge at Megalopolis, where he contracted an intimate friendship with Craugis. As Philopoemlen grew up, he received instr
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
(Liv. 9.33.) He was consul B. C. 304 with P. Sulpicius Severus (Liv. 9.45). The two consuls defeated the Aequi, and had a triumph. He was the first plebeian consul pontifex (Liv. 10.9) B. C. 300, and in the next year a lustrum was celebrated by him and his former colleague, as censors; and two tribes were added. He seems to be the same person who took the praetorship at a time when Rome was alarmed by a rumour of a Gallic war (Livy, 10.21). Pomponius says that no one after him bore the name of Sophus, but a P. Sempronius Sophus was consul in B. C. 268. (Fasti) and censor in B. C. 252 (Liv. Epit. 18 ; Fast. Capitol.), and he is called the son of Publius, who may have been the consul of B. C. 304. There is a story of one P. Sempronius Sophus, who divorced his wife, because she had been bold enough to see the public games without his consent; but those who believe the story of Carvilius divorcing his wife suppose that this Sophus must have lived later than the consul of B. C. 304. [G.L]