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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) | 10 | 10 | Browse | Search |
Diodorus Siculus, Library | 3 | 3 | Browse | Search |
Pausanias, Description of Greece | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
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447 B.C.When Timarchides was archon in Athens, the Romans elected as consuls Spurius Tarpeius and
Aulus Asterius Fontinius.This is probably a corruption of
Fontinalis. In this year the Lacedaemonians invaded Attica and ravaged a large part of the countryside, and after laying siege to some
of the Athenian fortresses they withdrew to the Peloponnesus; and Tolmides, the Athenian general, seized Chaeroneia. And when the Boeotians gathered their forces and caught Tolmides' troops
in an ambush, a violent battle took place at Coroneia, in the course of which Tolmides fell
fighting and of the remaining Athenians some were massacred and others were taken alive. The
result of a disaster of such magnitude was that the Athenians were compelled to allow all the
cities throughout Boeotia to live under laws of their
own making,The Athenians had established democracies in
most of the cities of Boeotia and the oligarchs had
consequently withdrawn f
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK IV. AN ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, NATIONS, SEAS, TOWNS,
HAVENS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DISTANCES, AND PEOPLES WHO NOW EXIST OR
FORMERLY EXISTED., CHAP. 12.—BŒOTIA. (search)
A'gathon
(*)Aga/qwn), an Athenian tragic poet, was born about B. C. 447, and sprung from a rich and respectable family.
He was consequently contemporary with Socrates and Alcibiades and the other distinguished characters of their age, with many of whom he was on terms of intimate acquaintance. Amongst these was his friend Euripides.
He was remarkable for the handsomeness of his person and his various accomplishments. (Plat. Protag p. 156b.)
He gained his first victory at the Lenacan festival in B. C. 416, when he was a little above thirty years of age : in honour of which Plato represents the Symposium, or banquet, to have been given, which he has made the occasion of his dialogue so called.
The scene is laid at Agathon's house, and amongst the interlocutors are, Apollodorus, Socrates, Aristophanes, Diotima, and Alcibiades. Plato was then fourteen years of age, and a spectator at the tragic contest, in which Agathon was victorious. (Athen. 5.217a.) When Agathon was about forty years
Alcibi'ades
(*)Alkibia/dhs), the son of Cleinias, was born at Athens about B. C. 450, or a little earlier. His father fell at Coroneia B. C. 447, leaving Alcibiades and a younger son. (Plat. Protag. p. 320a.)
The last campaign of the war with Potidaea was in B. C. 429. Now as Alcibiades served in this war, and the young Athenians were not sent out on foreign military service before they had attained their 20th year, he could not have been born later than B. C. 449. If he served in the first c he Spartan family to which the ephor Endius belonged, with which that of Alcibiades had been anciently connected by the ties of hospitality.
The first who bore the name was the grandtlather of the great Alcibiades.
On the death of his father (B. C. 447), Alcibiades was left to the guardianship of his relations Pericles and Ariphron. † Agariste, the mother of Pericles and Ariphon, was the daughter of Hippocrates, whose brother Cleisthenes was the grandfather of Deinomache. (Hdt. 6.131; Isocr.
Clei'nias
(*Kleini/as.)
1. Son of Alcibiades, who traced his origin from Eurysaces, the son of the Telamonian Ajax. This Alcibiades was the contemporary of Cleisthenes [CLEISTHENES, No. 2], whom he assisted in expelling the Peisistratidae from Athens, and along with whom he was subsequently banished. Cleinias married Deinomacha, the daughter of Megacles, and became by her the father of the famous Alcibiades.
He greatly distinguished himself in the third naval engagement at Artemisium, B. C. 480, having provided a ship and manned it with 200 men at his own expense.
He was slain in B. C. 447, at the battle of Coroneia, in which the Athenians were defeated by the Boeotian and Euboean exiles. (Hdt. 8.17; Plut. Alc. 1; Plat. Alc. Prim. p. 112; Thuc. 1.113
Julus
4. C. Julius, C. F. C. N., JULUS, son of No. 2, was consul in B. C. 447, with M. Geganius Macerinus, and again in B. C. 435, with L. Verginius Tricostus.
In the latter year Rome was visited with such a grievous pestilence, that not only were the Romans unable to march out of their own territory to devastate the enemy's, but even offered no opposition to the Fidenates and Veientes, who advanced almost up to the Colline gate. While Julius manned the walls, his colleague consulted the senate, and eventually named a dictator. (Liv. 3.65, 4.21; Diod. 12.29, 49.)
According to Licinius Macer, Julius was elected consul for the third time in the following year, with his colleague of the preceding. Other accounts mentioned other persons as the consuls; and others again gave consular tribunes this year. (Liv. 4.23.)