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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 14 14 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 3 3 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 2 2 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 2 2 Browse Search
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics (ed. H. Rackham) 1 1 Browse Search
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Pindar, Odes (ed. Diane Arnson Svarlien) 1 1 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
Frank Frost Abbott, Commentary on Selected Letters of Cicero 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 456 BC or search for 456 BC in all documents.

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ad incurred by his Chorus of Furies, to get up against him a charge of impiety, which they supported not only by what was objectionable in the Eumenides, but also in other plays not now extant. At any rate, from the number of authorities all confirming this conclusion, there can be no doubt that towards the end of his life Aeschylus incurred the serious displeasure of a strong party at Athens, and that after the exhibition of the Orestean trilogy he retired to Gela in Sicily, where he died B. C. 456, in the 69th year of his age, and three years after the representation of the Eumenides. On the manner of his death the ancient writers are unanimous. (Suidas, s. v. *Xelwnhmiw=n.) An eagle, say they, mistaking the poet's bald head for a stone, let a tortoise fall upon it to break the shell, and so fulfilled an oracle, according to which Aeschylus was fated to die by a blow from heaven. The inhabitants of Gela shewed their regard for his character, by public solemnities in his honour, by e
Amyrtaeus 2. A Saite, who, having been invested with the title of king of Egypt, was joined with Inarus the Libyan in the command of the Egyptians when they rebelled against Artaxerxes Longimanus (B. C. 460). After the first success of the Egyptians, B. C. 456 [ACHAEMENES], Artaxerxes sent a second immense army against them, by which they were totally defeated. Amyrtaeus escaped to the island of Elbo, and maintained himself as king in the marshy districts of Lower Egypt till about the year 414 B. C., when the Egyptians expelled the Persians, and Amyrtaeus reigned six years, being the only king of the 28th dynasty. His name on the monuments is thought to be Aomahorte. Eusebius calls him Amyrtes and Amyrtanus (*)Amurta/nos). (Hdt. 2.140, 3.15; Thuc. 1.110; Diod. 11.74, 75; Ctesias. apud Phot. pp. 27, 32, 40, Bekker; Euseb. Chron. Armen. pp. 106, 342, ed. Zohrab and Mai; Wilkinson's Ant. Egypt. i. p. 205.) [P.S]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
xerxes sent under his brother Achaemenes was defeated, and Achaemenes slain. After a useless attempt to incite the Spartans to a war against Athens, Artaxerxes sent a second army under Artabazus and Megabyzus into Egypt. A remnant of the forces of Achaemenes, who were still besieged in a place called the white castle (leuko/n tei=xos), near Memphis, was relieved, and the fleet of the Athenians destroyed by the Athenians themselves, who afterwards quitted Egypt. Inarus, too, was defeated in B. C. 456 or 455, but Amyrtaeus, another chief of the insurgents, maintained himself in the marshes of lower Egypt. (Thuc. 1.104, 109; Diod. 11.71, 74, 77.) In B. C. 449, Cimon sent 60 of his fleet of 300 ships to the assistance of Amyrtaeus, and with the rest endeavoured to wrest Cyprus from the Persians. Notwithstanding the death of Cimon, the Athenians gained two victories, one by land and the other by sea, in the neigbourhood of Salamis in Cyprus. After this defeat Artaxerxes is said to have com
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Caeliomonta'nus (search)
Caeliomonta'nus 4. SP. VIRGINIUS TRICOSTUS CAELIOMONTANUS, A. F. A. N., son of No. 2, consul B. C. 456, in whose consulship the ludi saeculares are said to have been celebrated the second time. (Liv. 3.31; Dionys. A. R. 10.31; Diod. 12.4; Censor. de Die Nat. 17.)
. Eng. transl.; Hermann, Opusc. vol. iv. pp. 299-302, where the passages of Demosthenes [c. Arist. p. 641] and of Lysias [de Caed. Erat. p. 94] are ably and satisfactorily reconciled ; Thirlwall's Greece, vol. iii. pp. 23, 24 ; Dict. of Ant. s. v. Areiopagus ; and the authors mentioned by C. F. Hermann, Pol. Ant. ยง 109, note 6.) The services of Ephialtes to the democratic cause excited the rancorous enmity of some of the oligarchs, and led to his assassination during the night, probably in B. C. 456. It appears that in the time of Antiphon (see de Caed. Her. p. 137) the murderers had not been discovered; but we learn, on the authority of Aristotle (apud Plut. Pericl. 10), that the deed was perpetrated by one Aristodicus of Tanagra. The character of Ephialtes, as given by ancient writers, is a high land honourable one, insomuch that he is even classed with Aristeides for his inflexible integrity. Heracleides Ponticus tells us that he was in the habit of throwing open his grounds to the
een more than about 15 or 16 years of age; and further, as it is commonly supposed that the Olympic festival at which Thucydides heard the recitation was that of B. C. 456 (Ol. 81.), Herodotus himself would have been no more than 32 years old. Now it seems scarcely credible that Herodotus should have completed his travels and writtfrom his work in the Classical Museum, vol. i. p. 188, &c.) This difficulty again is got over by the supposition, that Herodotus, who had written his work before B. C. 456, afterwards revised it and made additions to it during his stay at Thurii. But this hypothesis is not supported by the slightest evidence ; no ancient writer knoh he visited Egypt may be determined with tolerable accuracy. He was there shortly after the defeat of Inarus by the Persian general Megabyzus, which happened in B. C. 456; for he saw the battle field still covered with the bones and skulls of the slain (3.12.), so that his visit to Egypt may be ascribed to about B. C. 450. From Eg
Ici'lius 3. L. Icilius, a son of the preceding (Dionys. A. R. 11.28), is described as a man of great energy and eloquence. In his first tribunate (B. C. 456), he claimed for the tribunes the right of convoking the senate, and also carried the important law for the assignment of the Aventine (de Aventino publicando) to the plebs, notwithstanding the furious opposition of the senate and the patricians. The Aventine had up to this time been part of the domain land, enjoyed by the patricians, to whom the plebeians paid rent for the houses which they occupied. By the Icilian law the patricians were indemnified for the value of their buildings; but it was, as Niebuhr remarks, of great importance for the independence of the plebeians that the patricians should not be their landlords, and thus able to control their votes, and likewise, when bloody feuds were so likely to break out, that the plebeians should be in exclusive possession of a quarter of their own, and one too so strong as the Av
Lactu'ca a surname of M. Valerius Maximus, consul, B. C. 456. [MAXIMUS.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ma'ximus, Vale'rius 2. M. VALERIUS VOLUSI N. LACTUCA MAXIMUS, M'. F., son of the preceding, was consul in B. C. 456. He opposed Icilius, tribune of the plebs, in his efforts to assign the Aventine hill to the conmons. 2 (Dionys. A. R. 10.31-33; Liv. 3.31.) The cognomen Lactuca, lettuce, a favourite esculent of the early Romans (Mart. 10.14) belongs to the same class of surnames as Cicer (Cicero) (Plin. Nat. 18.3; Plut. Cic. 1) and Stolo in the Licinian family. (Varr. R. R. 1.2.)
onides erected a trophy. But the Corinthians, being reproached at home for leaving the field, returned; and were setting up a rival trophy, when the Athenians made a sally from Megara, and, in the battle which ensued, completely defeated them. The fugitives, in their retreat, entered an enclosure fenced in by a large ditch, where they were surrounded by the Athenians, who occupied with a part of their force the only egress, and slew with their darts every man within. In the following year, B. C. 456, and sixty-two days after the battle of Tanagra, Myronides led an Athenian army into Boeotia, and defeated the Boeotians at Oenophyta, a victory which made his countrymen masters of Phocis, and of all the Boeotian towns, with the single exception of Thebes; while even there it seems to have led to the temporary establishment of democracy. After his victory, Myronides marched against the Opuntian Locrians, from whom he exacted a hundred hostages ; and then, according to Diodorus, he penetra
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