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Polybius, Histories 1 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Polybius, Histories, book 4, The Site of Byzantium (search)
Pontus and Propontis being, as I have said, a hundred and twenty stades, and Hieron marking its termination towards the Pontus, and the Strait of Byzantium that towards the Propontis, —half-way between these, on the European side, stands Hermaeum, on a headland jutting out into the channel, about five stades from the Asiatic coast, just at the narrowest point of the whole channel; where Darius is said to have made his bridge of ships across the strait, when he crossed to invade Scythia. B.C. 512. In the rest of the channel the running of the current from the Pontus is much the same, owing to the similarity of the coast formation on either side of it; but when it reaches Hermaeum on the European side, which I said was the narrowest point, the stream flowing from the Pontus, and being thus confined, strikes the European coast with great violence, and then, as though by a rebound from a blow, dashes against the opposite Asiatic coast, and thence again sweeps back and strikes the Europea
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
e introduction of coin, was in skewers, of which six formed a handful. Ancient money. An early gold coin was the Persian darlic e, Fig. 1382, which weighed about 130 grains troy. Silver coins in imitation were struck by Aryandes, governor of Egypt under the Persians, for which act he was condemned to death. Silver is said to have been coined by Phedon of Argos, 750 B. C. Gold by Philip of Macedon, 340 B. C. Servius Tullius coined copper money, 578 B. C. Silver was coined at Athens, 512 B. C.; at Rome, 269 B. C. Iron was coined by Lycurgus, 884 B. C. Plutarch says it required a cart and two oxen to draw the small sum of 10 minae, about $28. It is said that the coin of Philip of Macedon was the first that was alloyed; it was done to harden it, and make it wear better. Coined money was first cited in those portions of the Hebrew Scriptures written after the captivity. The Jews had no coined money of their own till the time of the Maccabees, when King Antiochus gave leave