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Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.), BOOK V., CHAPTER IV. (search)
no. and between them is the Acherusian Lake,Lago di Fusaro. which is a muddy estuary of the sea. Having doubled Misenum, you come to a harbour at the very foot of the promontory. After this the shore runs inland, forming a deeply indented bay, on which are Baïæ and the hot springs, much used, both as a fashionable watering-place, and for the cure of diseases. Contiguous to Baïæ is the Lucrine Lake,Lago Lucrino. This lake has almost disappeared, owing to a subterraneous eruption, which in 1538 displaced the water and raised the hill called Monte Nuovo. and within this the Lake Avernus,Lago d'Averno. which converts into a peninsula the land stretching from the maritime district, situated between it and Cumæ, as far as Cape Misenum, for there is only an isthmus of a few stadia, across which a subterraneous road is cut [from the head of the gulf of Avernus] to Cumæ and the sea [shore] on which it stands. Former writers, mingling fable with history, have applied to Avernus the e<
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK II. AN ACCOUNT OF THE WORLD AND THE ELEMENTS., CHAP. 2. (2.)—OF THE FORM OF THE WORLDI may remark, that the astronomy of our author is, for the most part, derived from Aristotle; the few points in which they differ will be stated in the appropriate places.. (search)
, and by Cicero, De Nat. Deor. ii 47. The spherical form of the world, ou)rano\s, and its circular motion are insisted upon by Ptolemy, in the commencement of his astronomical treatise Mega/lh Su/ntacis, Magna Constructio, frequently referred to by its Arabic title Almagestum, cap. 2. He is supposed to have made his observations at Alexandria, between the years 125 and 140 A.D. His great astronomical work was translated into Arabic in the year 827; the original Greek text was first printed in 1538 by Grynæus, with a commentary by Theon. George of Trebisond published a Latin version of it in 1541, and a second was published by Camerarius in 1551, along with Ptolemy's other works. John Muller, usually called Regiomontanus, and Purback published an abridgement of the Almagest in 1541. For an account of Ptolemy I may refer to the article in the Biog. Univ. xxxv. 263 et seq., by Delambre, also to Hutton's Math. Diet., in loco, and to the high character of him by Whewell, Hist. of the Induct
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK III. AN ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, NATIONS, SEAS, TOWNS, HAVENS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DISTANCES, AND PEOPLES WHO NOW EXIST OR FORMERLY EXISTED., CHAP. 9.—THE FIRST REGION OF ITALYThe First Region extended from the Tiber to the Gulf of Salernum, being bounded in the interior by the Apennines. It consisted of ancient Latium and Campania, comprising the modern Campagna di Roma, and the provinces of the kingdom of Naples.; THE TIBER; ROME. (search)
of Theodosius., the Lucrine LakeProbably the inner part of the Gulf of Cumæ or Puteoli, but separated from the remainder by an embankment eight stadia in length. It was famous for its oyster-beds. Behind it was the Lake Avernus, occupying the crater of an extinct volcano, and supposed by the Greeks to be the entrance to the Infernal Regions. Agrippa opened a communication with the Lucrine Lake to render Lake Avernus accessible to ships. The Lucrine Lake was filled up by a volcanic eruption in 1538, and a mountain rose in its place. The Lake Avernus is still called the Lago di Averno., and Lake Avernus, near which there stood formerly a townOr "the town Cimmerium." Nothing is known of it. of the Cimmerians. We then come to PuteoliNow Pozzuolo. The Romans called it Puteoli, from the strong smell of its mineral springs. There are still many ruins of the ancient town, which was destroyed by Alaric, Genseric, and Totila, and as many times rebuilt., formerly called the colony of Dicæ- arc
Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques, and Discoveries of the English Nation, The Epitaph of the valiant Esquire M. Peter Read in the south Ile of Saint Peters Church in the citie of Norwich , which was knighted by Charles the fift at the winning of Tunis in the yeere of our Lord 1538. (search)
The Epitaph of the valiant Esquire M. Peter Read in the south Ile of Saint Peters Church in the citie of Norwich , which was knighted by Charles the fift at the winning of Tunis in the yeere of our Lord 1538. HERE under lyeth the corpes of Peter Reade Esquire, who hath worthily served, not onely his Prince and Countrey, but also the Emperour Charles the fift, both at his conquest of Barbarie, and at his siege at Tunis , as also in other places. Who had given him by the sayd Emperour for his valiant deedes the order of Barbary. Who dyed the 29 day of December, in the yeere of our Lord God 1566.
Horace Greeley, The American Conflict: A History of the Great Rebellion in the United States of America, 1860-65: its Causes, Incidents, and Results: Intended to exhibit especially its moral and political phases with the drift and progress of American opinion respecting human slavery from 1776 to the close of the War for the Union. Volume I., Vi. Slavery under the Constitution. (search)
ly responsible. The acquisition of Louisiana, though second in occurrence and in importance, first attracted and fixed the attention of mankind, and shall, therefore, be first considered. The river Mississippi was first discovered in 1541, by the Spanish adventurer De Soto, in the course of his three or four years fantastic wanderings and fightings throughout the region which now constitutes the Gulf States of our Union, in quest of the fabled Eldorado, or Land of Gold. lie left Spain in 1538, at the head of six hundred ambitious and enthusiastic followers, all eager and sanguine as himself in their quest of the fountain of perpetual youth and life. He died of a malignant fever on the bank of the Mississippi, in the spring or early summer of 154:2; and his body, to conceal his death from the surrounding hostile savages, was sunk by his surviving followers in the deep current of that mighty stream. Of the entire expedition, less than half, an enfeebled and wretched remnant, final
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 8. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 36 (search)
oled on oath. Oaths administered to citizens: Allegiance, 543; Amnesty, 263; aggregate, 806. Rations: sales — number of families, 506; number of persons, 2901; issues — number of families, 1032; number of persons, 5809; total number of families, 1538; number of persons, 8710. Nashville, Tenn.--Prisoners of war captured: 38 commissioned officers, 421 enlisted men; aggregate, 459. Disposed of: 59 commissioned officers, 603 enlisted men; aggregate, 662. Deserters: 76 received, 76 paroled on egate, 662. Deserters: 897 received, 897 paroled on oath. Oaths administered to citizens: Allegiance, 543; Amnesty, 263; aggregate, 806. Rations: sales — number of families, 506; number of persons, 2901; issues — number of families, 1032; number of persons, 5809; total number of families, 1538; total number of persons, 8710. Respectfully submitted. J. G. Parkhurst, Colonel Ninth Michigan Infantry Volunteers, and Provost-Marshal General D. C. By H. M. Duffield, Lieutenant and A. P.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Almagro, Diego de, (search)
Almagro, Diego de, A Spanish conqueror of Peru, and principal associate of Pizarro; born about 1464. Almagro, Pizarro, and a priest named Luque undertook the conquest of Peru, and effected it, with a small force, in 1533. Almagro was appointed governor of what is now Chile in 1534, extending his conquests into that region in 1535. He and Pizarro became bitter enemies. He conquered Cuzeo, the ancient capital of Peru. In a decisive battle near that place. in 1538, Almagro was defeated, made prisoner, and put to death by order of Pizarro. in July, 1538. Almagro was profligate, perfidious, and cruel. His barbarous treatment of the inca Atahualpa covered his name and fame with infamy. The inca's son rallied men, who assassinated Pizarro, July 26, 1541, and these were excuted by order of the Viceroy of Peru in 1542.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Pizarro, Francisco 1476- (search)
n ornaments of the temples, worth, when melted down, more than $17,000,000, were laid at Pizarro's feet, when the treacherous Spaniard caused his royal captive to be murdered, Aug. 29, 1533. Marching to Cuzco, in November, Pizarro proclaimed the half-brother of the dead Inca, Manco Capac, his successor, and then founded a new capital nearer the coast, now Lima. The new Inca escaped, rebelled, slaughtered many Spaniards, and laid siege to Lima, which they soon raised. A dispute between Pizarro and Almagro led to open warfare. Almagro was defeated and slain in 1538. The empire of the Incas lay prostrate at the feet of the Spaniards, with Pizarro as ruler. The latter married a daughter of Atahualpa. The son of Almagro, continuing the war begun by his father, led a faction to attack the Spanish ruler in his palace, and the latter was slain, June 26, 1541. Pizarro never learned to read or write. He was cunning, treacherous, and cruel, his chief merits being courage and fortitude.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
iving-bell some instances of submarine armor are given, but only as incidentals. Submarine armor has not as clear claims to antiquity as the diving-bell, if we accept the accounts of Aristotle and Jerome. The earliest distinct account of the diving-bell in Europe is probably that of John Taisnier, quoted in Schott's Technica Curiosa, Nuremberg, 1664, and giving a history of the descent of two Greeks in a diving-bell, in a very large kettle, suspended by rope, mouth downward ; which was in 1538, at Toledo, in Spain, and in the presence of the Emperor Charles V. Beckman cites a print in editions of Vegetius on War, dated in 1511 and 1532, in which the diver is represented in a cap, from which rises a long leather pipe, terminating in an opening which floats above the surface of the water. Dr. Halley, about 1717, made a number of improvements in the diving-bell, and among them a leather cap for the head of the diver, with windows in front for the eyes. This helmet was used by t
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
apture by young Ammon. Aristotle (350 B. C.) speaks of a kind of kettle by which divers could supply themselves with fresh air under water. It is related by Jerome that Alexander the Great entered into a vessel, called a colympha, having a glass window to it, and in which he descended to the bottom of the ocean. The application of the diving-bell in Europe is noticed by John Tasnier, who attended Charles V. in a voyage to Africa. He relates that he saw at Toledo, in Spain, in the year 1538, in the presence of the emperor and several thousand spectators, two Greeks let themselves down under water in a large, inverted kettle, with a light burning, and rise up again without being wet. After this period, the use of the diving-bell became generally known, and is noticed in the Novum Organum of Sir Francis Baron, published 1620; in which the device is referred to as being in use in his time. It is described as a machine used to assist persons laboring under water upon wrecks, by
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