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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
at Mogul. Seized by Nadir Shah, in 1739, at the taking of Delhi. Became the property of Runjeet Sing. Captured by the English at the taking of the Punjab. Presented to the Queen by the East India Company, in 1850; weighed in the rough 800 carats, cut to 186 1/16 carats; recut to 103 3/4 carats. — Brande. Austrian. A rose-cut diamond of 139 1/2 carats. Sir Isaac Newton suggested that the diamond is combustible, but the first to establish the fact were the Florentine Academicians, in 1694; they succeeded in burning it in the focus of a large lens. Lavoisier, in 1772, examined the results of combustion, which showed it to be pure crystalline form of carbon. The uses of the diamond include the following:— Abradant for various purposes, in wheels, laps, and slicers. Stone drilling and sawing. See carbon Toolpoints. Engraver's ruling, and marking graduations on instruments. Glass-cutting.Lenses.Jewelry. Di′a-mond-cut′ter's Com′pass. （Diamond-cutting
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
ine was capable of cutting screws of any pitch by the use of pulleys of different diameters, and could be made to cut right-hand or left-hand screws at pleasure, by crossing or uncrossing the cord. The inventor also describes its application to elliptical, conical, or other solids. A metal-turning lathe, in its most essential details, is found described on page 214 of Mechanick Exercises, or the Doctrine of Handy Works, by Joseph Moxon, hydrographer to King Charles II., printed in London, 1694. This is cited, however, rather as one of the earliest intelligible and illustrated descriptions which have come down to us, than as fixing the actual date, — for evidence exists of its much earlier origin; for example, a bronze drinking-vessel, five inches in diameter, and evidently turned, was exhumed from an ancient tomb in Thebes, Egypt. This vessel may be seen in the Abbott collection, museum of the Historical Society at the corner of Second Avenue and Eighth Street, New York. In th
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
to any size within the dimensions for which it is constructed. 2. (Metal-working.) A machine in which a metallic object dogged to a traversing-table is moved against a relatively fixed cutter. In practice, the cutter is adjusted in a stock, and is usually fed automatically between strokes. The earliest machine for planing metal was invented by Joseph Moxon, and described and illustrated at pages 208 and 215 in Mechanick Exercises, or the Doctrine of Handy Works, published in London, 1694. the metal-planing machine was subsequent to the lathe, and would appear by this invention to have grown out of it. The machine was employed for planing brass moldings, and consisted of a revolving cutter and an adjustable guide or table, along which the bar or brass to be planed was drawn by the operator. The machine appears to have been entirely successful for the purpose intended. This was the original milling-machine. As in the case of so many important inventions, however, but l