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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 2 0 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hunter, Joseph 1783-1861 (search)
Hunter, Joseph 1783-1861 Author; born in Sheffield, England, Feb. 6, 1783; became a Presbyterian minister and was pastor in Bath in 1809-33. He published Founders of New Plymouth. He died in London, May 9, 1861.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
Freiburg. Artillery was known in France in 1345. In 1356, the city of Nuremberg purchased gunpowder and cannon. The same year Louvain employed thirty cannon at the battle of Santfliet against the Flemings. In 1361, a fire broke out at Lubec from the careless use of gunpowder. In 1363, the Hanse towns used gunpowder in a conflict with the Danes. It is commonly stated that gunpowder was first made in England, at periods varying from 1411 to 1438; but recent research by Rev. Joseph Hunter has brought to light records of its manufacture for the uses of the English army before it landed at La Hague, and previous to the battle of Cressy. The ingredients for the manufacture of gunpowder should be of the greatest possible purity. The crude saltpeter is refined by washing, and then dissolving in the least possible proportion of hot water, and clarified by adding a very small quantity of glue, and boiling until the impurities, such as chloride of sodium, are deposited an