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William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, I. The Army of the Potomac in history. (search)
hich they used to great advantage, from the time when, at the opening of the war, Beauregard formed his array along Bull Run, to when, almost four years thereafter, Lee disputed with Grant the passage of the Chickahominy, and compelled the Union commander to seek a new base south of the James. The mountain system of Virginia is ving northward to cross the Potomac into Maryland, either with the view of penetrating Pennsylvania or of manoeuvring towards Washington. It was by this line that Lee issued upon the soil of the loyal States on the occasion of both the Confederate invasions—to wit, the Maryland invasion of 1862, and the Pennsylvania invasion of 1he Peninsula, and Grant swung across the James River, the Army of the Potomac was never allowed to uncover Washington. Now, in the former case, the first menace by Lee foreshadowing a northward movement caused the withdrawal of the army from the Peninsula; and, in the latter instance, a small raiding column, detached by way of the
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 2 (search)
fence. Governor Letcher issued a proclamation calling out the militia of the State, and Colonel Robert E. Lee was appointed major-general and commander of the Virginia forces. More than this: the Cral B. F. Butler. The defence of the highland region of Western Virginia had been assumed by General Lee, commander-in-chief of the State forces, who had dispatched to that section Colonel Porterfieinates were men of scarcely inferior ability to Jackson. Colonel A. P. Hill, subsequently one of Lee's ablest lieutenants, was at the head of another of his brigades; Pendleton was chief of artillerthat the defence of Western Virginia, on the side of the Confederates, had been undertaken by General Lee, who had dispatched Colonel Porterfield to that region, for the purpose of raising there a lof the aim of the Confederates in West Virginia is fully confirmed by captured dispatches from General Lee to Colonel Porterfield. Now about the middle of May, the States of Ohio, Indiana, and Ill
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 3 (search)
ual to that of the Army of the Potomac, though in fire and elan it was superior. I could always rely on my army, said General Lee, at the time he surrendered its remnant at Appomattox Courthouse—I could always rely on my army for fighting; but its discipline was poor. At the time of the Maryland invasion, Lee lost above twenty-five thousand men from his effective strength by straggling, and he exclaimed with tears, My army is ruined by straggling! Nothing could better illustrate the high stn front of the bluff, where the main action afterwards took place, and where was posted a small supporting force under Colonel Lee. Meantime, in the morning, General Stone had assigned to Colonel Baker the command of the right wing at Ball's Bluff,en of his command. These he united to the commands of Colonel Devens, who had meanwhile retired to the bluff, and of Colonel Lee; and with this force of about one thousand eight hundred men formed line of battle in the field at the top of the bluf
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 4 (search)
to judge by promise rather than by proof. General Lee's actual experience in the field had been cicsville. This statement is fully borne out by Lee: After sustaining a destructive fire of musketrmine the entire situation. The disclosure of Lee's bold initiative made action indispensable. Twas not conformable to military principles; for Lee already laid hold of McClellan's communicationslock General A. P. Hill, who had the advance of Lee's column, swung round by New Cold Harbor, and army of Northern Virginia, vol. i., p. 154. General Lee explains this by the statement that most ofixty thousand Union troops! When, therefore, Lee, with all his divisions in hand, made a generalshment the Confederates had received, prevented Lee from pushing his victory to the dreadful extreme James. On the following morning (July 1st) Lee had his whole force concentrated at the battle-mained with the Confederates; and the faults of Lee's offensive receive as little attention as the [29 more...]
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, V. Pope's campaign in Northern Virginia. August, 1862. (search)
t precise plan, and took Richmond and destroyed Lee by it! Nor can it be said that circumstances, tomac leave the Peninsula. That person was General Lee. And if there be any force in that militarate communications with Southwestern Virginia, Lee, to meet Pope's advance, sent forward General Jthe Army of Northern Virginia, vol. II., p. 3. Lee then increased his force by General A. P. Hill'thing could be clearer than the evidence of General Lee on this point The corps of General Burnsidend, he did not attempt to carry it out, finding Lee, perhaps, less impressed than he should have be commander a rare opening for a decisive blow. Lee had in fact committed an act of unwonted rashnes he now commanded the Warrenton road, by which Lee was moving to join him, and had intelligence thfore it could reach Jackson's flank, the van of Lee's main body began to reach the field from Thoroackson's corps alone, it was the entire army of Lee with which he had to deal,—this, too, with his [18 more...]
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 8 (search)
ry made the passage, April 29. Hooker then divided the command into two columns, sending one, under General Averill, to move to Louisa Courthouse, threaten Gordonsville, and engage the Confederate mounted force, while the other, under General Buford, should break up the Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, destroying its bridges, etc. The only mounted force the Confederates could oppose to these columns was a small brigade of two regiments under General W. H. F. Lee. Report of General R. E. Lee on the Battle of Chancellorsville, p. 15; Report of General Stuart, p. 38; Report of General W. H. F. Lee, p. 49. That officer fell back before the Union cavalry, which advanced on Louisa Courthouse, and proceeded to destroy the Virginia Central road. Stoneman divided Buford's force into six bodies, throwing them out in all directions; but the important line of communications by the Fredericksburg and Richmond Railroad was not struck till the 3d of May, and the damage done it was very
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 11 (search)
yer who had checkmated so many antagonists—Robert E. Lee. Thus were brought face to face those TRichmond. To foil his adversary's design was Lee's first aim. The plan he formed to effect this nkroad, the onset was made with such vigor, and Lee was yet so weak on that flank, owing to the nong cavalry at Todd's Tavern. The heavy losses Lee had suffered in the battle, in which he had acting the cavalry of Stuart, who had been sent by Lee to hold the Brock road, and who still barred fuar the attacks had been mainly directed against Lee's left. It was now resolved to make a sudden sf the cavalry under Sheridan during its raid on Lee's communications. This column, consisting of prg been taken at this time, it is probable that Lee, abandoning as vain the attempt to defend the Crously resisted there was every promise; for if Lee purposed making a stand between the North and Smore effectual checkmate than was here given by Lee; for after Grant had made the brilliantly succe[62 more...]
William Swinton, Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, chapter 13 (search)
Army of Northern Virginia. U. S. Grant, Lieutenant-General. General R. E. Lee. It was at Farmville that General Grant wrote this messagon, ask the terms you will offer on condition of its surrender. Robert E. Lee, General. Lieutenant-General U. S. Grant. To this General Grant Virginia will be received. U. S. Grant, Lieutenant-General. General R. E. Lee. Meanwhile, Lee's night march of the 7th having again lefage road to Richmond, between the picket lines of the two armies. R. E. Lee, General. Lieutenant-General Grant. This note Grant received e, I subscribe myself, &c., U. S. Grant, Lieutenant-General. General R. E. Lee. But, before Lee received this, the time for parley had passorce where they may reside. U. S. Grant, Lieutenant-General. General R. E. Lee. headquarters Army of Northern Virginia, April 9, 1865. ignate the proper officers to carry the stipulations into effect. R. E. Lee, General. Lieutenant-General U. S. Grant. These terms were, o