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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 230 0 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 3, 15th edition. 24 0 Browse Search
George P. Rowell and Company's American Newspaper Directory containing accurate lists of all the newspapers and periodicals published in the United States and territories, and the dominion of Canada, and British Colonies of North America, together with a description of the towns and cities in which they are published: description of towns and cities. (ed. George P. Rowell and company) 20 0 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition. 18 0 Browse Search
Frederick H. Dyer, Compendium of the War of the Rebellion: Regimental Histories 14 0 Browse Search
The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 7: Prisons and Hospitals. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller) 12 0 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 10 0 Browse Search
Brigadier-General Ellison Capers, Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 5, South Carolina (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 8 0 Browse Search
C. Edwards Lester, Life and public services of Charles Sumner: Born Jan. 6, 1811. Died March 11, 1874. 8 0 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 5, 13th edition. 8 0 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for Lake Erie (United States) or search for Lake Erie (United States) in all documents.

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The width of the structure is 175 feet at base and 30 feet at top, and it is composed of rough blocks of stone. A transverse section is shown at c, Fig. 882. The inner slope has an angle of 45°, the outer slope has an inclination of 3 base to 1 of hight to a depth of about 19 feet below the highest spring-tides, and from thence to the bottom of 45°. Breakwaters have also been constructed by the United States government at several lake-ports, particularly at Buffalo and Cleveland on Lake Erie, and Chicago on Lake Michigan. The covering pier or breakwater of Buffalo Harbor (d, Fig. 883) is built of stone, and cost about 8200,--000. The illustration shows a cross-section. It measures 1,452 feet in length. The top of the pier on which the roadway is formed measures eighteen feet in breadth, and is elevated about five feet above the level of the water in the harbor. On the side of the roadway which is exposed to the lake, a parapetwall, five feet in hight, extends along the
ere are 2,800 miles of canals. Of the American canals : — The James River and Kanawha, 147 miles long, overcomes the greatest grade, having a lift of 1,916 feet. The Morris and Essex, 101 miles long, overcomes a grade of 1,674 feet, accomplished by 29 locks and 22 inclined planes. The Erie, by DeWitt Clinton, is the longest, 363 miles, with 84 locks. The Erie Canal was commenced in 1817, and completed in 1825. The main line leading from Albany, on the Hudson, to Buffalo, on Lake Erie, measures 363 miles in length, and cost about $7,200,000. The Champlain, Oswego, Chemung, Cayuga, and Crooked Lake Canals, and some others, join the main line, and, including these branch canals, it measures 543 miles in length, and cost upwards of $11,500,000. This canal was originally 40 feet in breadth at the water-line, 28 feet at the bottom, and 4 feet in depth. Its dimensions proved too small for the extensive trade which it had to support, and the depth of water was increased to 7
In China, these exudations, either natural or resulting from deep boring, have been utilized from time immemorial for lighting towns in the neighborhood of these jets. In boring for salt water, imprisoned reservoirs of carbureted hydrogen have been reached, and the gas thus obtained has been utilized in China, and in the valley of the Kanawha, West Virginia, in evaporating the brine. Gas flowing naturally is or has been used in the neigh borhood of Fredonia, New York; Portland, on Lake Erie; Wigan, Great Britain (in 1667); and in many other places. The uses made of it by the Magi, or fire-worshippers of Persia, have not been properly examined or determined; but the holy fires of Baku, on the shore of the Caspian, have attained some celebrity, and are maintained by a natural stream of carbureted hydrogen. Paracelsus remarked the disengagement of gas when iron was dissolved in sulphuric acid. Van Helmont, a Belgian chemist, gave it the name of gas, and distinguished gase
rs. The slings are shortened during the next tide, and the process repeated. One of the earliest accounts of raising sunken vessels is that given of the raising of the Mary rose, by Edward Bedall of Boston, Colony of Massachusetts, 1642. She had been sunk in the previous year, and the diving-bell seems to have been used in adjusting the slings by which she was raised and transported to shoal water, where the hull, lading, and guns were recovered. The steamer Erie, burnt and sunk in Lake Erie in 1854, was raised by Colonel Gowan by means of chain falls working from two open-trussed frames supported upon hulks on either side. This gentleman, under a contract with the Russian government afterward, between 1857 and 1862, raised the hulls of the vessels sunk in the harbor of Sevastopol during the siege of that place by the Allies. These were more than 100 in number. The attempt was first made to lift them entirely by means of floating caissons or docks on either side, connec
een thereby placed in a morass, their soil, once loose and dry, becoming saturated with water. Much engineering talent has been bestowed on weirs, and many noble examples are found on the American streams both East and West. 2. An inclosure of stakes or nets, forming a fishtrap or pond. A (Fig. 7144), salmon-weir, No. 1, Penobscot River. a, great pound.e, shore. b, second pound.f, direction of current. c, fish-pound.g, course of fish. d, leader. B, improved pound-net of Lake Erie. C, salmon-Weir, No. 3, Penobscot River. a, great pound.e, shore-line. b, second pound.f, direction of current. d, leader. Fish-weirs. Weir-table. A table by which the number of cubic feet of water per minute can be ascertained by means of weirs. The table indicates the number of cubic feet per minute for each inch in width, and from one to eighteen inches in depth. The water must be set back to a dead level before it passes over the weir-board, and must have a clear d