Browsing named entities in Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing). You can also browse the collection for Essex (United Kingdom) or search for Essex (United Kingdom) in all documents.

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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cromwell, Oliver 1599- (search)
and in 1620 married a daughter of Sir James Bourchier, when his manner of life changed, and he became an earnest Christian worker for good, praying, preaching, and exhorting among the Puritans. He became a member of Parliament in 1628, and always exercised much influence in that body. He was a radical in opposition to royalty in the famous Long Parliament. When the civil war began he became one of the most active of the men in the field, and was made a colonel in 1643 under the Earl of Essex, the parliamentary lord-general. He raised a cavalry regiment, and excited in them and other troops which he afterwards led the religious zeal of the Puritans, and directed it with force against royalty. That regiment became the most famous in the revolutionary army. After the death of the King he resolved to become sole ruler of England. He had effected the prostration of the monarchy, not from ambitious, but from patriotic motives; but in his efforts Oliver Cromwell. for power afte
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Elizabeth, Queen of England (search)
ations, and enjoyed great prosperity. Because of the opposite interests in religion, and possibly because of matrimonial affairs, Elizabeth and Philip of Spain were mutually hostile, and in 1588 the latter sent the invincible Armada for the invasion of England. It consisted of over 130 vessels and 30,000 men. It was defeated and dispersed (Aug. 8), and in a gale more than fifty of the Spanish ships were wrecked. On the death of Leicester the Queen showed decided partiality for the Earl of Essex. Her treatment and final consent to the execution, by beheading, of Mary, Queen of Scots, has left a stain on the memory of Elizabeth. She assisted the Protestant Henry IV. of France in his struggle with the French Roman Catholics, whom Philip of Spain subsidized. Her reign was vigorous, and is regarded as exceedingly beneficial to the British nation. Literature was fostered, and it was illustrated during her reign by such men as Spenser, Shakespeare, Sidney, Bacon, and Raleigh. Elizab
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gorges, Sir Ferdinando 1565-1647 (search)
Gorges, Sir Ferdinando 1565-1647 Colonial proprietor; born in Ashton Phillips, Somerset, England, about 1565; was associated with the courtiers of Queen Elizabeth; was engaged in the conspiracy of the Earl of Essex against the Queen's council (1600) ; and testified against him at his trial for treason (1601). Having served in the royal navy with distinction, he was appointed governor of Plymouth in 1604. A friend of Raleigh, he became imbued with that great man's desire to plant a colony in America, and when Captain Weymouth returned from the New England coast (1605), and brought captive natives with him, Gorges took three of them into his own home, from whom, after instructing them in the English language, he gained much information about their country. Gorges now became chiefly instrumental in forming the Plymouth Company (q. v.), to settle western Virginia, and from that time he was a very active member, defending its rights before Parliament, and stimulating by his own zeal
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Grand remonstrance, the. (search)
e cause of the British Parliament against King Charles I., and was laid before the House of Commons by John Pym in November, 1641. It was adopted after a few days' debate, and was presented to the King on Dec. 1. As a reply, the King undertook the arrest and impeachment of Pym and four of his most active associates on Jan. 3, 1642; withdrew from London in the following week. On Aug. 9 the King issued a proclamation for suppressing the present rebellion under the command of Robert, Earl of Essex, and inaugurated the Civil War by raising his standard at Nottingham on Aug. 22. The remonstrance and its introductory petition are here given in full: Most Gracious Sovereign,—Your Majesty's most humble and faithful subjects the Commons in this present Parliament assembled, do with much thankfulness and joy acknowledge the great mercy and favour of God, in giving your Majesty a safe and peaceful return out of Scotland into your kingdom of England, where the pressing dangers and di
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Haynes, John 1633-1654 (search)
Haynes, John 1633-1654 Statesman; born in Copford Hall, Essex, England; accompanied Rev. Edward Hooker to Boston in 1633 and in 1635 was chosen governor of Massachusetts. He was one of the best educated of the early settlers in New England, and possessed the qualities of an able statesman. He went to the valley of the Connecticut with Mr. Hooker in 1636; became one of the most prominent founders of the Connecticut colony; was chosen its first governor, in 1639; and served alternately with Edward Hopkins until 1654. Mr. Haynes was one of the five who drew up the written constitution of Connecticut, the first ever framed in America (see Connecticut). He was a man of large estate, spotless purity of character, a friend of civil and religious liberty, and was always performing acts of benevolence. He probably did more for the true interests of Connecticut than any other of the earlier settlers. He died in Hartford, March 1, 1654.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Locke, John -1704 (search)
to the Court of Brandenburg in 1664. While pursuing philosophical studies in 1667, he became acquainted with Lord Ashley (afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury), and by his medical skill advised a surgical operation that saved his lordship's life. By him Locke was introduced to the most distinguished statesmen of the time. He superintended the education of Ashley's son, and assisted him in preparing a scheme of government for the Carolinas (see fundamental constitutions). When Ashley (then Earl of Shaftesbury) was accused of treason (1683), he fled to Holland, and Locke followed him. Locke had held various public offices, but now he remained quietly in Holland until after the revolution (1688), when he returned to England in the same vessel that bore the Princess Mary thither. Locke's principal work was an Essay on the human understanding, published twenty years after it was begun. Locke ranks among the most eminent mental philosophers. He died in Essex county, England, Oct. 28, 1704.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Oglethorpe, James Edward 1698-1785 (search)
is own glory, but for a benevolent purpose. He returned to England in 1743, where, after performing good military service as majorgeneral against the Young Pretender (1745), and serving a few years longer in Parliament, he retired to his seat in Essex. When General Gage returned from America, in 1775, Oglethorpe was offered the general command of the British troops in this country, though he was then about seventy-seven years of age. He did not approve the doings of the ministry, and declinede retired to his seat in Essex. When General Gage returned from America, in 1775, Oglethorpe was offered the general command of the British troops in this country, though he was then about seventy-seven years of age. He did not approve the doings of the ministry, and declined. He was among the first to offer congratulations to John Adams, because of American independence, when that gentleman went as minister to England in 1784. He died in Essex, England, Jan. 30, 1785. See Florida; Georgia.