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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Philadelphia, (search)
Philadelphia, Popularly known as the City of brotherly love ; founded by William Penn in 1682, between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. He bought the land of the Swedes; with the assistance of Thomas Holme, the surveyor of his colony, laid out the city at the close of 1682. He caused the boundaries of the streets to be marked on the trunks of chestnut, walnut, locust, spruce, pine, and other forest trees, and many of the streets still bear the names of those trees. The new city grew rapidly. Within a year after the surveyor had finished his work almost 100 houses were erected there, and Indians came almost daily with the spoils of the forest as gifts for Father Penn, as they delighted to call the founder. In March following (1683), the city was honored as the gatheringplace of the representatives of the people to consider a constitution of government which Penn had prepared. It constituted a representative republican government, with free religious toleration and justice
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Quakers. (search)
New York, but was allowed to depart with the other Friends, on his own recognizance to answer in the autumn. On Aug. 16 the Kent arrived at New Castle, but it was three months before a permanent place was settled upon. That place was on the Delaware River, and was first named Beverly. Afterwards it was called Bridlington, after a parish in Yorkshire, England, whence many of the emigrants had come. The name was corrupted to Burlington, which it still bears. There the passengers of the Kent ty. Nearly all the settlers in west Jersey were members of the Society of Friends, or Quakers. One of the earliest erected buildings for the public worship of Friends in New Jersey was at Crosswicks, about half-way between Allentown and the Delaware River. Before the Revolution they built a spacious meeting-house there of imported brick. From the founding of the government of Pennsylvania the rule of the colony was held by the Quakers, they being more numerous than others. When wars with
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Red Bank, (search)
Red Bank, The site of Fort Mercer, on the New Jersey shore of the Delaware River. See Mercer, Fort.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Roach, John 1815-1887 (search)
Roach, John 1815-1887 Ship-builder; born in Mitchellstown, Ireland, in 1815; came to the United States in 1829 and secured employment in the Howell Ironworks of New Jersey; later founded the Aetna Iron-works in New York City, where he built the first compound engines made in the United States. He purchased the shipyards in Chester, Pa., in 1871, and under the name of the Delaware River Iron Shipbuilding and Engine Works enlarged then till their value was estimated at $2,000,000. Here he built about 114 iron vessels, including the cruisers Atlanta, Chicago, Boston, and other vessels for the United States navy. He died in New York City, Jan. 10, 1887.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), South River, (search)
South River, The name applied by the Dutch of New Netherland (q. v.) to the Delaware River, the name North River being applied to the Hudson River.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Steam navigation. (search)
y a Watt engine, moved by vapor from a tubular boiler of his own invention, and a screw propeller. The same year Oliver Evans put a steam dredgingmachine on the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers propelled by a steam paddle-wheel moved by a high-pressure engine, the first of its kind ever used. Meanwhile Robert Fulton's Clermontthe United States and quite early on the sea. In 1808 Robert L. Stevens, son of John C., went in the Phoenix, then lately launched at Hoboken, around to the Delaware River; and in July, 1819, the steamship Savannah crossed the Atlantic Ocean from New York to Liverpool in twenty-six days. Six years later the steamship Enterprise eral Washington, on the Potomac River. Sept.,1784 John Fitch, of Philadelphia, Pa., launches a steamboat worked by vertical paddles, six on each side, on the Delaware River1788 Patrick Miller, of Dalswinton, Scotland, constructs a pleasure boat with paddle-wheels (1787), to which William Symington applies a steam-engine1788 Joh
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stevens, John 1749-1838 (search)
never practised. Seeing John Fitch's steamboat on the Collect in New York in 1787, he became interested in the subject of steamboat navigation, and experimented for nearly thirty years. He unsuccessfully petitioned the legislature of New York for the exclusive navigation of the waters of the State. He built a propeller in 1804—a small open boat worked by steam. It was so successful that he built the Phoenix, a steamboat completed soon after Fulton and Livingston had set the Clermont afloat. The latter having obtained the exclusive right to navigate the waters of New York, Stevens placed his boats on the Delaware and Connecticut rivers. In 1812 he published a pamphlet urging the United States government to make experiments in railways traversed by carriages propelled by steam, and proposed the construction of a railway for such a purpose from Albany to Lake Erie. This was nearly a quarter of a century before such a work was accomplished. He died in Hoboken, N. J., March 6, 183
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stryker, William Scudder 1838- (search)
Stryker, William Scudder 1838- Historian; born in Trenton, N. J., June 6, 1838; graduated at Princeton College in 1858; entered the National army in 1863 as major under Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore; participated in the capture of Morris Island and in the night assault on Fort Wagner; received the brevet of lieutenant-colonel; was adjutant-general of New Jersey from 1867 till his death, and president of the New Jersey Historical Society. His publications include Officers and men of New Jersey in the Revolutionary War; Officers and men of New Jersey in the Civil War; The battles of Trenton and Princeton; Washington's reception by the people of New Jersey in 1789; General Maxwell's brigade of the New Jersey Continental line; The New Jersey volunteers; The Continental army at the crossing of the Delaware River, etc. He died in Trenton, N. J., Oct. 29, 1900.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Susquehanna settlers. (search)
e, and at noon on Oct. 14 they attacked and massacred thirty of the settlers in the fields. Men, women, and children fled to the mountains, from which they saw their homes plundered and burned and their cattle taken away. They made their way back to Connecticut. The settlement was broken up. Meanwhile Pennsylvania took possession of the Wyoming Valley and built a fortified trading-house there. Another Connecticut association, called the Delaware Company, had begun a settlement on the Delaware River (1767). In 1769 forty pioneers of the Susquehanna Company went there to assert their rights, and civil war prevailed there for some time (see Pennymite and Yankee War). In 1771 the Assembly of Connecticut proposed to make an effort to adjust all the difficulties, but the governor of Pennsylvania refused to enter into any negotiation. The Connecticut Assembly then made out a case and sent it to England for adjudication. It was submitted to the ablest lawyers in the realm, and was decide
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Swaanendael colony. (search)
Swaanendael colony. In anticipation of the establishment of patroonships (see patroons), a partnership was formed by directors of the Dutch West India Company for making settlements on the Delaware River. Godyn, Bloemart, Van Renssclaer, and others were the partners. They sent (Dec. 16, 1630) a ship and yacht, under the command of Pieter Heyes, with some colonists, and in the spring purchases of land were made from the Indians on both shores of Delaware Bay. Near the site of the present town of Lewes, Del., a colony was planted, and the spot was called Swaanendael. In 1632 this little colony was destroyed by the Indians. Swaanendael was sold to the West India Company in 1633.
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