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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), O. (search)
and was depressed by a weighted beam. This was before Archimedes and the screw. The basin represented is 8 feet in diameter, and a stone trough in the vicinity was doubtless used to receive the oil as it flowed from the press. The basins and posts with huge stones on top are numerous in some sections of Palestine, where the long-lived olive has rotted away and left no trace. 2,400 years have passed since these lands were fully tended; the Assyrian, Persian, Greek, Roman, Saracen, and Turk have overrun the land, and the modern Syria is now occupied by a million and a half of people divided, by race or religion, into 16 tribes, who are Ishmaelites in deed and many of them in blood. The Spanish olive-mill (c) is used for crushing that fruit to obtain the oil, which stands instead of butter and lard in a land that once afforded Columella a subject for praise in the conduct and productions of the dairies of Andalusia. The Spain of to-day is not what it was in the time of Cato,
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
s are as old as Osymandyas (2100 B. C.). The sarcophagi of Egypt and Phoenicia are elaborately carved with inscriptions in their respective characters. Thompson ( The land and the book ), in speaking of the Pass of Dog River, says:— In this grand, wild gorge is an assemblage of ancient mementos to be found nowhere else in a single group, so far as I know. That old road, climbing the rocky pass, along which the Phoenician, Egyptian, Assyrian, Persian, Greek, Roman, Arab, Frank, and Turk have marched their countless hosts for 4,000 years, his much to tell the student of man's past history, could we but break the seal and read the long roll of revelations. Those faintly cut emblems of Sesostris; those stern, cold soldiers of Chaldea; those inscriptions in Persian, Greek, Latin, and Arabic, — embody a chain of history which we long to solve. See pen. The original flexible iron-pen of modern times was an experimental affair probably, and is mentioned by Chamberlaque, 1685.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
and then in a solution of alum and galls, next in limewater, then boiled in a solution of madder, washed and dried, again steeped in alum and galls, and boiled with madder; after three successive boilings with soap, pearlash, and other ingredients, it is exposed to the air for some time, and finally boiled with water and bran and then dried. Tur′key-stone. A fine quality of oil-stone from Turkey, — novaculite. Sir Thomas Gresham paved the old Royal Exchange, London, with Turkeystone. Turk′s-head. （Nautical.) a. An ornamental knot, like a turban, worked on to the end of a rope. b. A knot formed on a manrope or other standing rope. It is formed by taking a round turn around the rope with a piece of log-line, crossing the bights on each side of the round turn, sticking one end under one, and the other under the other cross, as shown at b, and following the lead until it shows three parts all around, as at c. Turk's-head. Turn. （Mining.) A pit sunk in a drif