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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 18 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolutionary War, (search)
xpedition into New England. But neither Clinton's menaces nor Arnold's atrocities stayed the onward march of the allies. They made their way to Annapolis, and thence by water to the James River in transports furnished by De Barras. From Baltimore Washington, accompanied by Rochambeau and the Marquis de Chastellux, visited his home at Mount Vernon, from which he had been absent since June, 1775. There they remained two days, and then journeyed to Williamsburg, where they arrived on the 14th. There the allies rendezvoused, and prepared for the siege of Yorktown. The defeat of Cornwallis seemed to prophesy speedy peace, yet Washington wisely counselled ample preparations for carrying on the war. He spent some time in Philadelphia in arranging plans for the campaign of 1782. The Congress had already (Oct. 1, 1781) called upon the several States for $8,000,000, payable quarterly in specie or commissary certificates, besides an additional outstanding requisition. The States were re
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Rivington, James 1724- (search)
m an old print of the period.) James Rivington. Appointed king's printer in New York, he returned late in 1776 with new printing materials, and in 1777 resumed the publication of his paper under the title of Rivington's New York loyal gazette. Late in the year he changed it to Royal gazette. Shrewd and unscrupulous, after the defeat of Cornwallis (1781), he perceived the hopelessness of the royal cause and endeavored to make his peace with the Whigs by secretly sending information to Washington concerning public affairs in the city. This treason was practised until the evacuation of the city by the British. When the loyalists fled and the American army entered the city (1783), Rivington remained unharmed, to the astonishment of those not in the secret. He changed the title of his paper to Rivington's New York gazette and universal Advertiser. But his business declined, as he had lost the confidence of both Whigs and Tories, and he lived in comparative poverty until his death
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Count de 1725-1807 (search)
army at the age of sixteen years, and in 1745 became aid to Louis Philippe, Duke of Orleans. He afterwards commanded a regiment, and was wounded at the battle of Lafeldt. He was distinguished in several battles, especially at Minden. When it was resolved by the French monarch to send a military force to America, Rochambeau was created a lieutenant-general and Count De Rochambeau. placed in command of it. He arrived at Newport, R. I., in July, 1780, and joined the American army under Washington, on the Hudson, a few miles above New York. He led his army to the Virginia peninsula, and assisted in the capture of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Oct. 19, 1781, when he was presented with one of the captured cannon. In 1783 he received the decoration of Saint Esprit, and in 1791 was made a marshal of France. Early in 1792 he was placed in command of the Army of the North, and narrowly escaped the guillotine when the Jacobins wielded supreme power in Paris. Bonaparte gave him a pension in 1
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Rodney, Cesar 1728-1784 (search)
Rodney, Cesar 1728-1784 A signer of the Declaration of Independence; born in Dover. Del., Oct. 7, 1728. At the age of twenty-eight he was appointed sheriff of Kent county, Del., and afterwards was a judge. He represented his district in the legislature, and was sent to the Stamp Act Congress in 1765. For several years he was speaker of the Delaware Assembly; was a member of the committee of correspondence, and of Congress in 1774 arid afterwards. Made a brigadier-general, he was active in supplying Delaware troops to the army under Washington, and, early in 1777, was in command of the Delaware line in New Jersey. From 1778 to 1782 he was president of his State. He died in Dover, Del., June 29, 1784.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), St. Clair, Arthur 1734-1818 (search)
tern Indians at Fort Pitt. As colonel of the 2d Pennsylvania Regiment, he was ordered to Canada in February, 1776, and in the early summer aided Sullivan in saving his army from capture. In August he was made a brigadier-general, and joined Washington in November. St. Clair was actively engaged in New Jersey until April, 1777, when he took command of Ticonderoga, which he was compelled to evacuate (July 4-5), by the presence of Burgoyne in overwhelming force. After that he was a member of he light infantry in the absence of Lafayette, and was a member of the court that condemned Major Andre. He was in command at West Point from Oct. 1, 1780, and aided in suppressing the mutiny of the Pennsylvania line in January, 1781. Joining Washington in October, he participated in the capture of Cornwallis, and afterwards led a body of troops to join Greene in South Carolina, driving the British from Wilmington on the way. He was afterwards a delegate in Congress; president of that body (Fe
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Schmucher, Samuel Mosheim 1823-1863 (search)
Schmucher, Samuel Mosheim 1823-1863 Author; born in New Market, Va., Jan. 12, 1823; graduated at Washington College, Pa., in 1840; became a Lutheran clergyman and held pastorates till 1848; was admitted to the bar in 1850, but applied himself to literary work. He was author of Election of judges by the people; Constitutionality of the Maine liquor law; Life of John C. Fremont; Life of Alexander Hamilton; History of the Mormons; Life of Thomas Jefferson; Arctic explorations and discoveries; Life of Dr. Elisha Kent Kane; Life of Daniel Webster; Life of Henry Clay; Life of Washington; Blue laws of Connecticut; A history of the Civil War, etc. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 12, 1863.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Schuyler, Philip (John) 1733-1857 (search)
ne soon ensued, the whole preparation for which had been made by Schuyler. Left thus without command, Schuyler's vigilance was of the utmost importance to the cause, and he was called the eye of the Northern Department. His influence in keeping the Indians neutral was of incalculable importance to the American cause at that time. Schuyler resigned his commission in April, 1779. As a member of Congress (1778-81) he was very efficient in military affairs, and was appointed to confer with Washington concerning the campaign of 1780, especially in the Southern Department. In the summer of 1781 Schuyler, withdrawn from military service, was at his home, just on the southern verge of the city of Albany. Plans had been matured for seizing him, Governor Clinton, and other leading patriots of the State. In August an attempt was made to abduct Schuyler by Walter Meyer, Schuyler's mansion in Albany. a Tory, who had eaten bread at the general's table. Meyer, at the head of a band of Tor