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The Hannibalian War
In the previous year (212 B. C.) Syracuse had fallen: the
two Scipios had been conquered and killed in Spain: the siegeworks had been constructed round Capua, at the very time of the
fall of Syracuse, i. e. in the autumn, Hannibal being engaged in
fruitless attempts upon the citadel of Tarentum. See Livy, 25, 22.
Entirely surrounding the position of Appius Claudius,
B. C. 211. Coss. Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus, P. Sulpicius Galba. The Romans were still engaged in the siege of Capua.
Hannibal at first skirmished, and tried all he
could to tempt him to come out and give him
battle. But as no one attended to him, his
attack became very like an attempt to storm
the camp; for his cavalry charged in their
squadrons, and with loud cries hurled their
javelins inside the entrenchments, and the
infantry attacked in their regular companies,
and tried to pull down the palisading round
the camp.Q. Fulvius and Appius Claudius, the Consuls of the previous year,
were continued in c
The Hannibalian War — The Recovery of Tarentum
THE distance from the strait and town of Rhegium to
B.C. 209, Coss. Q. Fabius Maximus V. Q. Fulvius Flaccus IV.
Tarentum is more than two thousand stades;
and that portion of the shore of Italy is entirely destitute of harbours, except those of
Tarentum: I mean the coast facing the Sicilian
sea, and verging towards Greece, which contains the most
populous barbarian tribes as ne of these
cities are compelled to drop anchor in the harbours of
Tarentum; and the exchange and commerce with all who
occupy this coast of I their town and harbour, which yet cannot be compared
with those of Tarentum. For, even at this day, Tarentum
is in a most convenient position Tarentum
is in a most convenient position in respect to the harbours of
the Adriatic, and was formerly still more so. Since, from the
Iapygian promontory as far as Sipontum, every one from the other side and dropping anchor at Italy always crossed
to Tarentum, and used that city for his mercantile transactions
as an emporium
M. Tullius Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius (ed. C. D. Yonge), chapter 9 (search)
From hence Tarentum's bay appears in view,
For Hercules renown'd, if fame be true.
Just opposite, Lacinian Juno stands;
Caulonian tow'rs, and Scylacaean strands,
For shipwrecks fear'd. Mount Aetna thence we spy,
Known by the smoky flames which cloud the sky.
Far off we hear the waves with surly sound
Invade the rocks, the rocks their groans rebound.
The billows break upon the sounding strand,
And roll the rising tide, impure with sand.
Then thus Anchises, in experience old:
‘'T is that Charybdis which the seer foretold,
And those the promis'd rocks! Bear off to sea!’
With haste the frighted mariners obey.
First Palinurus to the larboard veer'd;
Then all the fleet by his example steer'd.
To heav'n aloft on ridgy waves we ride,
Then down to hell descend, when they divide;
And thrice our galleys knock'd the stony ground,
And thrice the hollow rocks return'd the sound,
And thrice we saw the stars, that stood with dews around.
The flagging winds forsook us, with the sun;
And, wearied, on
No tarrying now, but after sacrifice
we twirled the sailyards and shook out all sail,
leaving the cities of the sons of Greece
and that distrusted land. Tarentum's bay
soon smiled before us, town of Hercules,
if fame be true; opposing it uptowers
Lacinia's headland unto Juno dear,
the heights of Caulon, and that sailors' bane,
ship-shattering Scylaceum. Thence half seen,
trinacrian Aetna cleaves th' horizon line;
we hear from far the crash of shouting seas,
where lifted billows leap the tide-swept sand.
Father Anchises cried: “'T is none but she—
Charybdis! Helenus this reef foretold,
and rocks of dreadful name. O, fly, my men!
Rise like one man with long, strong sweep of oars!”
Not unobedient they! First Palinure
veered to the leftward wave the willing keel,
and sails and oars together leftward strove.
We shot to skyward on the arching surge,
then, as she sank, dropped deeper than the grave;
thrice bellowed the vast cliffs from vaulted wall;
thrice saw we spouted foam and showers of s<
Q. Horatius Flaccus (Horace), The Works of Horace (ed. C. Smart, Theodore Alois Buckley), book 1, Of true nobility. (search)