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Martinsburg (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
It was Lee's plan to draw the Federal army away from Washington before delivering battle. To do this he contemplated an advance into Pennsylvania west of the Blue Ridge. This plan was frustrated by the Federal forces at Harper's Ferry and Martinsburg, continuing to hold their positions after Lee had crossed into Maryland. As they were exposed to capture, he had expected them to withdraw. McClellan had desired to withdraw them, but Halleck objected that there was then no way by which Mileview, the enterprise was committed to him, and a carefully drawn order was prepared, No. 191, detailing the march of each division. Jackson, with his corps (except D. H. Hill's division) was ordered via Williamsport to drive the Federals from Martinsburg into Harper's Ferry, which he would then attack from the south. Walker's division was to cross the Potomac below Harper's Ferry and occupy Loudon Heights. McLaws, with his own and Anderson's divisions, was to move by the most direct route an
Harper's Ferry (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
apter 12: Boonsboro or South Mountain, and Harper's Ferry Choice of moves. interior lines.'s Gap. Franklin attacks. Jackson before Harper's Ferry. preparations for assault. bombardment a, believed that it was possible to capture Harper's Ferry and reunite his army before McClellan coul's division was to cross the Potomac below Harper's Ferry and occupy Loudon Heights. McLaws, with h This brigade had escaped that night from Harper's Ferry, and crossed our line of retreat from Boonon, and at Sandy Hook, where the road from Harper's Ferry comes around South Mountain into Pleasant gade which held the extremity, overlooking Harper's Ferry, and to hold it while his guns bombarded tly interpreted this to mean that Miles, at Harper's Ferry, had surrendered, and he abandoned his prohonor to state that, after capitulating at Harper's Ferry, I was allowed by Gen. A. P. Hill, commandtime before, was captured and brought into Harper's Ferry. He escaped while on the way to the hospi[17 more...]
Ox Hill (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
nstructed a superb machine, which, being once constructed, would fight a battle with skill and courage if only let alone. McClellan, during the Seven Days, let it alone, absenting himself as if by instinct. Never but at the battle of Sharpsburg was he present on any field, and his presence, by keeping Porter's corps out of the action, made a drawn fight of what would otherwise have been a Federal victory, as will duly appear. So now, Sept. 2, while Lee's army is resting on the field of Ox Hill, McClellan begins to reorganize the 120,000 troops at his disposal within the lines of Washington. It is quick and easy work, for his own old army composes two-thirds of it. By Sept. 7, when Lee's army is concentrated about Frederick, McClellan had six corps in the field, holding a line covering Washington. Lee, perhaps unfortunately, was not then seeking an action. He had issued a proclamation to the people of Maryland, and for a few days he wished to observe its effect. It told the
Sandy Hook, Md. (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
mile south of it, and also Solomon's Gap in Elk Ridge opposite on the west. At Weverton, where the Potomac breaks through the Blue Ridge, five miles from Crampton's, he had to protect against an advance from the direction of Washington, and at Sandy Hook, where the road from Harper's Ferry comes around South Mountain into Pleasant Valley, he had to guard against an attack by the whole garrison of Harper's Ferry. Besides this, he had to send a force along Elk Ridge strong enough to defeat the iverlooking Harper's Ferry, and to hold it while his guns bombarded the town. There was thus one point to be attacked, two others to be observed, and three to be defended against large forces. The two most important points, —Crampton's Gap and Sandy Hook, —were over five miles apart. Considering the proximity of the immense Federal force, McLaws and Anderson were within the lion's mouth, and that they ever got out of it was no less due to good management, than it was to good luck on their part
Jackson (Mississippi, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
nsom2 EvansEvans, Hood, Law3 Reserve ArtilleryWashington Artillery, Lee's Battalion10 Total 1st Corps5 Divisions21 Brigades, 28 Batteries, 112 Guns28 2d Corps Jackson'sEwellLawton, Trimble, Early, Hays7 Hill, A. P.Branch, Archer, Gregg, Pender, Field, Thomas7 JacksonWinder, Jones, J. K., Taliaferro, Starke6 Hill, D. H.Ripleylan's hands on Sept. 13 soon after his arrival at Frederick. The incident occurred from our unsettled organization. D. H. Hill's division had been attached to Jackson's command upon its crossing the Potomac. No order should have issued from Lee's office for Hill. Jackson so understood it, and, with his usual cautious habit, opton's Gap. This move would have the further advantage of most speedily relieving Harper's Ferry. But just as Pope had lost his campaign by moving directly upon Jackson, as he supposed, at Manassas Junction, instead of upon Gainesville, where he would have been between Jackson and Lee, here McClellan lost his campaign by moving d
Washington (United States) (search for this): chapter 12
For rations, we were indebted mostly to the fields of roasting ears, and to the apple orchards. Such diet does not compare with bacon and hardtack for long marches, and, before the campaign was over, the straggling from all causes assumed great proportions. Brigades were often reduced nearly to the size of regiments, and regiments to the size of companies. On Sept. 5 the army began to cross the Potomac, and on Sept. 7 the advance reached Frederick. It is now to tell of events in Washington City. There was great alarm when Pope, with the combined armies of Virginia and the Potomac, fell back within the fortifications, almost in a state of rout. Col. Kelton of Halleck's staff, sent to find out the actual state of affairs, reported that there were 30,000 stragglers upon the roads. It was said that the money from the Treasury was being shipped to New York, and that an armed naval vessel, with steam up, was kept near at hand in the Potomac. Pope, making a virtue of necessity, a
Louisville (Kentucky, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
uld not afford to sit down before Washington and await the enemy's pleasure. There were two openings for offensive operations, each with some chances of success. The safest would have been to withdraw behind the Rappahannock, where he might occupy a strong line with one-half of his forces, under Jackson, while the other half, under himself and Longstreet, was sent by railroad to Chattanooga via Bristol. At the time, in Tennessee, the Confederates were conducting two campaigns aimed at Louisville; the design being to drive the Federals from Kentucky. Kirby Smith, with an army of about 15,000, from Knoxville, had opened the road through Cumberland Gap, and on Aug. 30 had won a victory over a Federal force at Richmond, Ky., and on Sept. 2 had occupied Lexington. Bragg, with about 30,000 men, from Chattanooga had moved northward up the Sequatchie Valley, and, crossing the Cumberland Mountains, was, on Sept. 5, at Sparta, Tenn., turning the Federal position at Murfreesboro, where Bue
Frederick, Md. (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
91, addressed to D. H. Hill, fell into McClellan's hands on Sept. 13 soon after his arrival at Frederick. The incident occurred from our unsettled organization. D. H. Hill's division had been attto three cigars was picked up by a private soldier of the 12th corps in an abandoned camp near Frederick. When found, it was promptly carried to McClellan, reaching him before noon on the 13th. Itsen held by only cavalry and a single brigade of infantry. Fortunately for Lee, a citizen of Frederick whose sympathies were with the Confederate cause, was accidentally present at McClellan's headhis right hand. It now was carried in a sling, and he could not handle his reins. Jackson at Frederick had been presented with a fine horse, but the animal was not well broken and had reared up ands Ferry. Jackson, with his three divisions under Jones, Lawton, and A. P. Hill, marching from Frederick on Sept. 10, had much the longest march to make, about 62 miles, nearly double those of McLaws
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 12
ade, which is confirmed by Hill's report that the wagons which were loaned to carry off the private baggage of the officers were not returned for nearly two months, and not until repeated calls had been made for them. The second document, by Lt. Bacon, adjutant of D'Utassy's brigade, concerns the paroling of the Federals. O. R. 27, 552. A difference arose between Col. D'Utassy and Gen. Branch, in charge of the details, as to the meaning of the words will not serve against the Confederate States until regularly exchanged. A pass to the brigade, allowing it to cross the bridge, was refused until the matter was adjusted. D'Utassy claimed that they might go West and serve against the Indians. The question was referred to Gen. A. P. Hill who refused to admit that understanding. This was about 9 P. M. About 6 A. M. Lt. Bacon reports that he —-- handed the muster-rolls to Gen. Hill at his headquarters and asked a pass for the brigade. Hill asked if the brigade was paroled.
Boonsboro (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
Chapter 12: Boonsboro or South Mountain, and Harper's Ferry Choice of moves. interior lines. policy of invasione two divisions of D. R. Jones and Evans, was to march to Boonsboro and await the return of the forces from Harper's Ferry. H. Hill, leaving two brigades in Turner's Gap, came on to Boonsboro. This change was caused by the collection of a force of ned. Lee and Longstreet with only 14 brigades were about Boonsboro. McLaws and Anderson with 10 brigades were between HarpeThere was no need to place Longstreet as far away even as Boonsboro. A safer movement would have been to unite Longstreet wirs to Hagerstown, and had also followed the march back to Boonsboro. I was now ordered to cross the Potomac at Williamsport,from Harper's Ferry, and crossed our line of retreat from Boonsboro. It had captured and destroyed the reserve ordnance traithe Confederate cavalry. The Confederate casualties at Boonsboro are not reported separately, except Rodes's brigade, whic
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