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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
century to bring it into general notice and usefulness. Early in the seventeenth century, Galileo, observing the oscillations of a suspended lamp, conceived the idea of making a pendulum a measurer of time, and in 1639 published a work on mechanics and motion, in which he discussed the isochronal properties of oscillating bodies suspended by strings of the same length. A. D. 1641, Richard Harris constructed a pendulum clock in London, for the church of St. Paul, Covent Garden. A. D. 1649, a pendulum clock was constructed by Vincenzio Galileo (the younger Galileo). A. D. 1650, Huyghens constructed clocks on this principle: — He first explained the nature, properties, and application of the pendulum, and made it perfect, except the compensation added by Graham, about 1700. Anchor pallets were introduced by Clement, in 1680, who also devised the mode of suspending the pendulum from a stud, by means of a piece of watchspring. The mechanism of repetition by means of pulling
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
hat she saw two rabbits quarreling for one blade of grass. Dib′bling-ma-chine′. One used for making holes in rows for potato sets, for beans, or other things which are planted isolated in rows. It may be adapted for corn by instituting the proper proportion between the parts; corn requiring a greater distance apart in the rows, unless it is only to be tended one way. The machine shown is adapted to be pushed by one man, and may be a useful adjunct to gardening. Dibblers. About 1649, Gabriel Platte described a dibbling-machine formed of iron pins, made to play up and down like virginal jacks. Dice. Cubes with marked sides, thrown from a box and used in gaming or determining by chance. The dice of Thebes were cubical, and numbered like the modern, as may be seen by the figure which represents ancient dice in European museums. Ancient Egyptian dice. Dice are referred to in several places in the Rigveda, the most ancient of the Sanscrit religious books:— Le<
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), E. (search)
vation, and that which requires to be heaped up for the same purpose is embankment. A raised mound or bank of earth to form a barrier against the encroachments of the sea. See dike. Or against the overflow of a river. See levee. Or to carry a railroad, canal, or road across a tract of low ground or across a ravine or gully. See filling. The oldest embankment in England is Roman, that of Romney Marsh. In the time of Crornwell, 425,000 acres of fen and morasses were recovered, 1649-51. The embankment by which the Nile was turned from its course before the time of Abraham is mentioned under dike (which see). Reference is also there made to some of the works of Holland. The bottom part of the embankment of the Amsterdam and Haarlem Railways through the low country consists of treble ranges of fascines, tied down by longitudinal poles 39 inches apart from center to center and 10 inches diameter, two double stakes at each end of the poles, and two ties in the intermed