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Rhode Island (Rhode Island, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
very early, in imagination and expression, curiously detached from what was going on in poetry around him. The embargo is a boy's echo, significant only for precocious facility and for the twofold interest in verse and politics that was to be lifelong. Byron's voice is audible in the Spenserian stanzas and subject matter of the Phi Beta Kappa poem of 1821, The ages; Thomson's Liberty may have contributed something to the choice of theme. the New York verses, so painfully facetious on Rhode Island coal and a mosquito, are less after Byron than after the town wit Halleck and his coterie. Wordsworth, at the reading of whose Lyrical ballads in 1811 , a thousand springs, Bryant said to Dana, seemed to gush up at once in his heart, and the face of Nature of a sudden to change into a strange freshness and life, was the companion into the woods and among the flowers who more than all others helped him to find himself; but Thanatopsis, so characteristic of Bryant, was written almost certa
West Indies (search for this): chapter 2.15
lege, law studies in an upland office, distasteful practice as a poor country lawyer, a happy marriage with her whose birth was in the forest shades, Poems, p. 82. Roslyn edition (1913), from which all poetical quotations are cited in this chapter. death, season by season, of those nearest and dearest, travel down among the slave-holding states and out to the prairies of Illinois, where his brothers and mother were for a second time pioneers, with voyages on various occasions to the West Indies, to Europe, and to the Levant, and fifty years as a New York editor, who with the wisdom of a statesman and the courage of a reformer made The evening Post America's greatest newspaper,--all this gives us a life of many visions of forest, field, and foam, of many books in diverse tongues, of many men and cities, of many problems in his own career and in the career of that nation which he made so much his own, a life not without its own adventures, struggles, joys, and griefs. So it stand
Long Island City (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
ak that, in the engraving after Sarony's photograph, has been now for a generation familiar in so many homes of our land. II. minor poets Richard Henry Dana the elder. James Kirke Paulding. James Gates Percival. Samuel Woodworth. George P. Morris. Charles Fenno Hoffman. Nathaniel Parker Willis. Joseph Rodman Drake. the Culprit Fay. Fitz-Green Halleck When Bryant, pioneer and patriarch, was laid away on that bright June afternoon of 1878 in the cemetery at Roslyn, Long Island, his oldest and dearest friend was still alive. Richard Henry Dana (1787-1879), one of the founders of The North American review See Book II, Chap. XX. and of the serious tradition in our literary criticism, is remembered, if at all, as verse-writer mainly through Bryant's praise, as Mason is remembered through Gray's. How remote the short jerky stanzas of The Buccaneer (1827), an ambitious tale of pirate and spectre, were from the talents and temper of the Bostonian descendant of th
Illinois (Illinois, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
to the boy's ambitions in rhyme. Private tutoring by unpretending clergymen, a year at poverty-stricken Williams College, law studies in an upland office, distasteful practice as a poor country lawyer, a happy marriage with her whose birth was in the forest shades, Poems, p. 82. Roslyn edition (1913), from which all poetical quotations are cited in this chapter. death, season by season, of those nearest and dearest, travel down among the slave-holding states and out to the prairies of Illinois, where his brothers and mother were for a second time pioneers, with voyages on various occasions to the West Indies, to Europe, and to the Levant, and fifty years as a New York editor, who with the wisdom of a statesman and the courage of a reformer made The evening Post America's greatest newspaper,--all this gives us a life of many visions of forest, field, and foam, of many books in diverse tongues, of many men and cities, of many problems in his own career and in the career of that na
Romeo (Michigan, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
cognition, and the effects of that struggle on the workman; there is no story of evolution of inner forces. Thus the poetry of Bryant admits of treatment as one performance, one perception and one account of the world, in a more restricted sense than is generally applicable to poetic performance, where the unity is the unity of psychological succession in a changing temporal order: Don Juan is, perhaps, implied in the English Bards and Childe Harold, paradise lost in the Nativity, Hamlet in Romeo and Juliet; but, in a humbler sphere, Among the trees and The flood of years are less implied than actually present in A Forest Hymn and Thanatopsis. If Bryant's poems need sometimes the reference of date, it is for external occasion and impulse, not for artistic registration. Three periods have been discovered for Chaucer, and four for Shakespeare; our modest American was without periods. The critical problem is simple, though not necessarily trivial or easy, in another way: this one pe
Atlantic Ocean (search for this): chapter 2.15
om without, as did Wordsworth when his country took up arms against Liberty, Fraternity, and Equality and when shortly Liberty, Fraternity, and Equality danced, like the Weird Sisters, around the cauldron of horror; nor from within, like the expatriated husband and father Byron, and the political idealist Dante, and even the flaneur who wrote The ballad of reading gaol. He came, likewise, early to his fame. He was first and alone. The little world of the lovers of good things on the North Atlantic seaboard in those days, trained as it was in the English and ancient classics, quickly set the young man apart; Bryant became established, fortunately, somewhat before American literary criticism had become self-consciously patriotic, indiscriminate, vulgar. England, too, long so important an influence on American judgments of American products, early accorded him a measure of honour and thanks. It is well known that Washington Irving secured the English reprinting of the volume of 18
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
tesman and the courage of a reformer made The evening Post America's greatest newspaper,--all this gives us a life of many vi Anthology so infinitely beneath the Lucretian grandeur of America's first great poem with its vision of Dead men whose bss, with ever confident reference to the high destinies of America, that Mother of a mighty race. His assurance of individuagfellow's now widely-recognized activities as spokesman in America for European letters, are a witness to Bryant's knowledge ngues and literatures, to his part in the culturization of America, to the breadth of his taste and a certain dramatic adaptand meaning? In quite different ways, Bryant is, with Poe, America's finest artist in verse. Perhaps this is, with Bryant's ters in the sentimental fashion (perhaps more developed in America than in England) that seems to have originated with Tom Momode of life. See Leonard, W. E., Byron and Byronism in America (Columbia Univ. Diss.), 1905. Yet Willis was a true poet
Leipzig (Saxony, Germany) (search for this): chapter 2.15
with his preference for stanzaic, or periodic, treatment, whether in blank verse or in rhyme, rather than for couplets; yes, together with the most characteristic cadences,--like the curves of a distant mountain range, few and clear but not monotonous; like the waves of a broad river, slow and long but not hesitant or ponderous, never delighting by subtle surprises, nor jarring by abrupt stops and shifts. Indeed, and would our critic not likewise guess, especially if recently schooled at Leipzig under Sievers, the very pitch of his voice in verse-strongest in the lower octaves — as well as the intrinsic alliteration, Largely on b and frequently in idiomatic pairs, as bees and birds, bled or broke. --an alliteration as natural as breathing, in its context unobtrusive as such to the conscious ear because so involved in a diction which is itself the outgrowth of very mood and meaning? In quite different ways, Bryant is, with Poe, America's finest artist in verse. Perhaps this is
Lowell (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
's woods and mountains, contributed to his essential make — up in maturity. dim and tremendous, most poignantly illustrated in the poem The past with its personal allusions, and most sublimely in The death of slavery, a great political hymn, with Lowell's Commemoration ode, and Whitman's When Lilacs last in the Dooryard Bloomed, the highest poetry of solemn grandeur produced by the Civil War; death as a mysterious passageway, whether through gate Poems, p. 260. or cloud, Poems, p. 250. with thhose works Halleck subsequently edited, was his most kindred spirit. As early as 1819 appeared his Fanny, suggested by Beppo and in its present form sometimes reminiscent of Don Juan- With the wickedness out that gave salt to the true one, as Lowell's Fable for critics observed as late as 1848-a social satire on a flashy New Yorker and his fashionable daughter, with Byronic anti-climax and Byronic digressions on Greece, European and American politics, bad literature and bad statues. But a f
Cummington (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.15
glish in the University of Wisconsin. I. Bryant Early years. Bryant's Independence as a poet. the unity of his life and work. his ideas. nature in Bryant. Bryant's images. his surveys. Bryant as naturalist. his fairy poems. his translations. his artistry. his style. limitations as a poet. Bryant as critic and editor. his prose style. Bryant the Citizen. To the old-fashioned prayers which his mother and grandmother taught him, the little boy born in Cummington, Massachusetts, 3 November, 1794, a year before John Keats across the sea, was wont to add (so we learn from the Autobiographical Fragment), Godwin, Life, vol. I, p. 26. his private supplication that he might receive the gift of poetic genius, and write verses that might endure. This inner urge and bent, witnessed so early and so long, could not be severed, early or late, from the unfathomable world. Bryant's was a boyhood and youth among the virginal woods, hills, and streams, among a fa
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