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September (search for this): chapter 11
or 10,000 troops ready in a few days, and we fear from present prospects that arms cannot be procured. Captain Evans, the ordnance officer at this place, seems to be doing all in his power, yet the arms do not come fast enough to arm the men. Your strong helping hand will no doubt facilitate matters. Give it to us, and let Mississippi elevate herself. Mississippi was represented in the operations at Mobile during the summer by the battery commanded by Capt. George F. Abbay, and early in September part of McCulloch's brigade was sent to Mobile. On September 6, 1864, Lieut.-Gen. Richard Taylor assumed command of the department including Mississippi, with headquarters at Meridian. President Davis immediately telegraphed him that General Forrest believed that if he could take 4,000 men and six pieces of artillery into middle and west Tennessee he could do some good and recruit his command, which Mr. Davis advised, and Taylor immediately ordered the movement. Forrest then telegraph
8th (search for this): chapter 11
idly crossed the Big Black and advanced to Clinton. Here the brigades of Adams and Starke engaged in a heavy skirmish February 4th, and then hung on the front of the advancing columns during the following day, steadily fighting though fully aware of the overwhelming strength of the enemy. Marching through Jackson on the night of the 5th, General Lee turned to the north to cover Loring's division while it could cross Pearl river to Brandon, and was joined by Ferguson's brigade. Early on the 8th, finding that Sherman was crossing Pearl river toward Meridian, Lee sent Ferguson to Morton to cover Loring's front, called Ross up from Yazoo and ordered Jackson with Adams' and Starke's brigades to harass the flank of the enemy. General Polk became convinced that Sherman's object was Mobile, not Meridian, and ordered Lee on the 9th to cover the railroad south of Meridian while he returned to Mobile its garrison which he had withdrawn. The cavalry made every effort to disable the enemy's
August (search for this): chapter 11
raphic report of this daring exploit Forrest stated that he had killed and captured 400 of the enemy, and captured their entire camp with about 300 horses and mules. His loss was 35 killed and wounded. By this forcible demonstration of his daring and ability Forrest compelled Smith's army to abandon its advance to the interior and turn about in an effort to intercept his return to Mississippi, in which, of course, it utterly failed. General Forrest's command, as organized at the close of August, included the two veteran divisions of Chalmers and Buford. The Tennessee brigade formerly commanded by Rucker was in charge of Col. D. C. Kelly, and McCulloch's brigade, mainly Mississippians, included Colonel Hyam's rangers, the Fifth regiment, under Maj. W. B. Peery, the Eighteenth battalion, under Col. A. H. Chalmers, and the Nineteenth battalion, under Col. W. L. Walker. Lyon again led his Kentucky brigade and Bell commanded his Tennesseeans. At the same period, Gen. Wirt Adams was
July (search for this): chapter 11
00 infantry under Colonel Lyon. The plan of attack seemed to be to swing the right first against the enemy, but the Kentucky brigade became first engaged, and was forced to fall back with heavy loss. Chalmers' division, dismounted, was ordered forward, and after Mabry and Bell had been repulsed, Rucker made an assault equally futile. The men behaved with great courage, but were swept away by the fire of a superior and intrenched force, and many fell from exhaustion in the great heat of a July sun. A little after noon the troops fell back and intrenched, but were not molested by the enemy, who contented himself with tearing up the railroad in the vicinity of Tupelo and burning the houses of Harrisburg. This battle of Harrisburg was a severe blow to the military strength of Generals Lee and Forrest, but they were still full of fight: and on the 15th, it appearing that the enemy would not attack, Buford made a demonstration on his left flank. Soon afterward Smith began a retreat,
5th (search for this): chapter 11
b infantry, cavalry and gunboats at Liverpool, defeating the infantry and gunboats combined. Under cover of this diversion, Sherman's two corps of infantry rapidly crossed the Big Black and advanced to Clinton. Here the brigades of Adams and Starke engaged in a heavy skirmish February 4th, and then hung on the front of the advancing columns during the following day, steadily fighting though fully aware of the overwhelming strength of the enemy. Marching through Jackson on the night of the 5th, General Lee turned to the north to cover Loring's division while it could cross Pearl river to Brandon, and was joined by Ferguson's brigade. Early on the 8th, finding that Sherman was crossing Pearl river toward Meridian, Lee sent Ferguson to Morton to cover Loring's front, called Ross up from Yazoo and ordered Jackson with Adams' and Starke's brigades to harass the flank of the enemy. General Polk became convinced that Sherman's object was Mobile, not Meridian, and ordered Lee on the 9
May (search for this): chapter 11
5 pieces of artillery, thousands of small arms, and many stands of colors, destroyed millions of dollars worth of property, and relieved the patriots of West Tennessee from the hourly dread in which they have become accustomed to live. Early in May an expedition started out from Memphis to intercept Forrest and cut off his return to Mississippi. This was commanded by Gen. S. D. Sturgis, and included 3,000 cavalry and 3,500 infantry, but moved so cautiously that Forrest was able to evade it advance to Atlanta, Maj.-Gen. Stephen D. Lee was assigned to command of the department of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana, and was promoted to lieutenant-general. Forrest remained in command of the cavalry in northern Mississippi. During May the brigade of Mississippi State troops was turned over to the Confederate States and, after being for a time under the command of Col. John McQuirk, came under the charge of Brig.-Gen. S. J. Gholson again. During June, 1864, the following may be
June (search for this): chapter 11
s Fourth Confederate; Fourth Mississippi, Col. C. C. Wilbourn; Sixth, Col. Isham Harrison; Thirty-eighth infantry, mounted, Col. Preston Brent. In Forrest's command, including a brigade of Roddy's Alabama cavalry, there were present for duty in June in round numbers 650 officers and 7,200 men; in Wirt Adams' division, 360 officers and 4,200 men. At the posts of Demopolis, Meridian and Selma were about 1,900 more. The effective total for the department was reported at a trifle over 13,000; agbrigade, endeavored to cut off the retreat at Salem, but was unable to come up with the routed foe. On the return march to the battlefield, several hundred prisoners were taken from their hiding-places in the woods. In this remarkable battle of June o, 1864, called Tishomingo Creek, or Brice's Cross-roads, Forrest had an available force of 3,500. His loss was 96 killed and 396 wounded. The two Mississippi regiments engaged, Eighth and Eighteenth, suffered an aggregate loss of 107. The Feder
March (search for this): chapter 11
ssissippi (A. D.) about 80 negroes, who were followed and many killed by an equal number of Texans. On March 5th an assault was made upon the garrison at Yazoo City, composed of about 1,000 Illinois troops and negroes, by the brigades of Ross and Richardson, who gained the streets of the town, where a desperate fight was carried on for four hours; but the enemy held their main fortification, a redan. Soon afterward, however, the Yazoo was abandoned by the Federals. In the latter part of March, General Forrest made a famous expedition through west Tennessee, transferring the theatre of raids and depredation to the country held by the Federal garrisons. Colonel Duckworth, who had succeeded Colonel Forrest in brigade command, captured Union City, Tenn., on the 24th, with 450 prisoners, including the commandant, Colonel Hawkins. Forrest, with Buford's division, moved from Jackson, Tenn., to Paducah, Ky., in fifty hours, drove the Federals into the forts and gunboats and held the to
January 5th (search for this): chapter 11
r General Polk Sherman's Meridian expedition Federal defeat at Sakatonchee Creek and Okolona destruction of Meridian Forrest in West Tennessee organization under General S. D. Lee victory at Tishomingo Creek battle of Harrisburg raid to Memphis raid on the Tennessee river minor operations. It is of interest, before entering upon a narrative of the military events of 1864 in Mississippi, to learn the plans of the enemy. These are clearly stated in a letter of so early date as January 5th, by General Grant, who, until March 12th, when he was given command of the armies of the United States, remained in charge of operations in the eastern Mississippi valley. Sherman, he said, had gone down the Mississippi to collect at Vicksburg all the force that could be spared for a separate movement from the Mississippi. He will probably have ready by the 24th of this month a force of 20,000 men that could be spared east of the river. The Washington authorities desired to divert the
January (search for this): chapter 11
; Columbus, under General Ruggles; Demopolis, under Col. Nathaniel Wickliffe, and at Selma, under Col. T. H. Rosser. In this statement the command which Forrest was organizing at Cosmo is not included. He had displayed great energy in the work of reorganization, and the war department had revoked all other authority to raise troops in west Tennessee and north Mississippi. On February 5th he reported that he brought 3,100 out of Tennessee and had since received several hundred more. In January Forrest organized four brigades of cavalry, to be commanded by Brig.-Gen. R. V. Richardson, Col. Robert McCulloch, Col. T. H. Bell, and Col. J. E. Forrest. The division of Gen. J. R. Chalmers included Richardson's and McCulloch's brigades, and the brigades of Bell and Forrest (later Thompson) made up a division commanded by Gen. A. Buford. The cavalry of the department had been divided by order of January 11th, Forrest being assigned to command in northern Mississippi and west Tennessee;
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