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Versailles (France) (search for this): chapter 18
atever. It is plain enough, thus reasoned Vergennes, the king of England is puzzled between his desire of reducing the colonies, and his dread of driving them to a separation; so that nothing could be more interesting than the affairs of America. As the king of France might be called upon to render assistance to the insurgent colonies, the conduct of the English in their support of the Corsicans was cited as a precedent to the French embassy at London, and brought before the cabinet at Versailles. To Louis the Sixteenth Vergennes explained, that the proceedings of the continental congress contained the germ of a rebellion; that while the Americans really desired a reconciliation with the mother country, the ministry from their indifference would prevent its taking place; that Lord North, no longer confident of having America at his feet, was disconcerted by the unanimity and vigor of the colonies; and that France had nothing to fear but the return of Chatham to power. The inter
Rockingham, N. C. (North Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 18
, and derive its chief importance from its aspect on parties in England. At the very moment when Burke was still fondly supporting his theory of the omnipotence of parliament over the colonies, he blindly insisted, that Chatham himself was the best bower anchor of the ministry. With far truer instincts, Chatham divined that peril was near, and that it could be averted only by a circumscription of the absolute power of parliament. To further that end, the aged statesman paid a visit to Rockingham. At its opening, Chatham's countenance beamed with cordiality; but Rockingham had learned as little as the ministers, and with a per- Chap. XVII.} 1774. Dec. verseness equal to theirs, insisted on maintaining the declaratory act. The Americans have not called for its repeal, was his reply to all objections; and he never could be made to comprehend the forbearance of congress. So nothing remained for Chatham but to rely on himself. The opposition, thus divided, excited no alarm. The
Camden, S. C. (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 18
purpose, and may be infinitely mischievous. No accommodation can be properly entered into by the Americans, while the bayonet is at their breasts. To have an agreement binding, all force should be withdrawn. The words sank deeply into the mind of Chatham, and he promised his utmost efforts to the American cause, as the last hope of liberty for England. I shall be well prepared, said he, to meet the ministry on the subject, for I think of nothing else both night and day. Like Chatham, Camden desired the settlement of the dispute upon the conditions proposed by con- Chap. XVII.} 1774. Dec. gress; and from the temper, coolness, and wisdom of most of the American assemblies, he augured the establishment of their rights on a durable agreement with the mother country. To unite every branch of the opposition in one line of policy, Chatham desired a cordial junction with the Rockingham whigs. That party had only two friends who spoke in the house of lords, and in the house of com
France (France) (search for this): chapter 18
unanimity took the ministry by surprise, when just before the adjournment of parliament their proceedings reached England. It is not at all for the interests of France that our colonies should become independent, repeated Rochford. The English minister, reasoned Garnier, thinks, that after all they may set up for themselves. re of reducing the colonies, and his dread of driving them to a separation; so that nothing could be more interesting than the affairs of America. As the king of France might be called upon to render assistance to the insurgent colonies, the conduct of the English in their support of the Corsicans was cited as a precedent to the revent its taking place; that Lord North, no longer confident of having America at his feet, was disconcerted by the unanimity and vigor of the colonies; and that France had nothing to fear but the return of Chatham to power. The interests of Britain required Chatham's return; for he thoroughly understood the policy of the Fren
North America (search for this): chapter 18
seven regiments in Boston should be directed to leave a place where they could do no good, and without intention might do harm, and who was persuaded that the navy by itself was able to worry Massachusetts into submission without shedding a drop of blood, once more pressed his opinions upon the government. The contest, said he, will cost more than we can gain by success. We have not strength to levy internal taxes on America; many amongst ourselves doubt their equity; all the troops in North America are not enough to subdue the Massachusetts; the most successful conquest must produce the horrors of civil war. Till the factious chiefs can be secured, judicial proceedings would confer the palm of martyrdom without the pain; and he urged an immediate withdrawal of the troops, the abandonment of all ideas of internal taxation, and such concessions as could be made with dignity. Lord North was disquieted. He rejected the propositions of congress, which included the repeal of the act
Massachusetts (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 18
in presenting the petition of congress, but he was joined only by those who were employed by Massachusetts. Dartmouth received it courteously, and laid it before the king, who promised that after thout intention might do harm, and who was persuaded that the navy by itself was able to worry Massachusetts into submission without shedding a drop of blood, once more pressed his opinions upon the go. He rejected the propositions of congress, which included the repeal of the act regulating Massachusetts, but he was ready to negotiate with the Americans for the right to tax themselves. Franklito Americans. The elder Lord Howe had fallen on their soil, as their companion in arms, and Massachusetts raised to him a monument in Westminster Abbey. His brother, William Howe, who had served wialone tranquillity could be restored; and they included the repeal of the regulating act for Massachusetts. Lord Howe reported the result of the interview to Dartmouth and North; but as they had
England (United Kingdom) (search for this): chapter 18
gnise the title of the Americans to the benefits of the English constitution as the bond of union between the colonists and Britain. At the same time they disclaimed the intention of joining the American confederacy; for, said they, weak and feeble as this colony is, from its very small number of white inhabitants, and its peculiar situation from the incumbrance of more than two hundred thousand slaves, it cannot be supposed that we now intend, or ever could have intended, resistance to Great Britain. The vast commercial importance of the island gave them a claim to be heard; but their Chap. XVII.} 1774. Dec. petition, though in due time received by the king and communicated to the house of commons, had no effect whatever. It is plain enough, thus reasoned Vergennes, the king of England is puzzled between his desire of reducing the colonies, and his dread of driving them to a separation; so that nothing could be more interesting than the affairs of America. As the king of Fran
New England (United States) (search for this): chapter 18
icans in America, was selected as the new colonial commander-in-chief; and his oldest surviving brother, now Lord Howe, also honored in America as a gallant and upright naval officer, was to be commissioned as a pacificator. No man, said Lord Howe to Franklin at their first interview on Christmas-day evening, can do more towards reconciling our differences than you. That you have been very ill-treated by the ministry, I hope will not be considered by you. I have a particular regard for New England, which has shown an endearing respect for my family. If you will indulge me with your ideas, I may be a means of bringing on a good understanding. At the unexpected prospect of restoring harmony, tears of joy wet Franklin's cheeks. He had remained in London at the peril of his liberty, perhaps of his life, to promote reconciliation, and the only moment for securing it was now come. With firmness, candor, and strict fidelity to congress, he explained the measures by which alone tranqui
William Howe (search for this): chapter 18
the Americans for the right to tax themselves. Franklin appeared as the great agent Chap. XVII.} 1774. Dec. of the continent; and it was believed that his secret instructions authorized him to modify the conditions proposed for conciliation. Lord Howe undertook to ascertain the extent of his powers. The name was dear to Americans. The elder Lord Howe had fallen on their soil, as their companion in arms, and Massachusetts raised to him a monument in Westminster Abbey. His brother, William Howe, who had served with Americans in America, was selected as the new colonial commander-in-chief; and his oldest surviving brother, now Lord Howe, also honored in America as a gallant and upright naval officer, was to be commissioned as a pacificator. No man, said Lord Howe to Franklin at their first interview on Christmas-day evening, can do more towards reconciling our differences than you. That you have been very ill-treated by the ministry, I hope will not be considered by you. I hav
Westminster Abbey (search for this): chapter 18
e was ready to negotiate with the Americans for the right to tax themselves. Franklin appeared as the great agent Chap. XVII.} 1774. Dec. of the continent; and it was believed that his secret instructions authorized him to modify the conditions proposed for conciliation. Lord Howe undertook to ascertain the extent of his powers. The name was dear to Americans. The elder Lord Howe had fallen on their soil, as their companion in arms, and Massachusetts raised to him a monument in Westminster Abbey. His brother, William Howe, who had served with Americans in America, was selected as the new colonial commander-in-chief; and his oldest surviving brother, now Lord Howe, also honored in America as a gallant and upright naval officer, was to be commissioned as a pacificator. No man, said Lord Howe to Franklin at their first interview on Christmas-day evening, can do more towards reconciling our differences than you. That you have been very ill-treated by the ministry, I hope will
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