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erchandise-anything but the paper money, was grasped at with avidity. It has often been charged that speculators ruined the currency. But, to give the children of the devil their due-we can scarcely think but that the currency made the speculators. Had the plain system been adopted, by which the currency dollar could have ever approximated to coin, it would have been simply impossible for the holders of supplies to have run prices up to extortionate figures. Not that I would for one instant excuse, or ask any mercy for, those unclean vultures who preyed upon the dead credit of their Government; who grew fat and loathsome while they battened on the miseries of the brave, true men who battled for them in the front ranks of the fight. But while the fault and the shame is theirs, it may not be disguised that the door was not only left open for their base plundering, but in many cases they were urged toward it by the very hands that should have slammed it in their faces. Whe
d dashing young aide, equally noted --for influence at division-headquarters, which sent him constantly to Richmond; and for persistent devotion, when there, to a sharpwitted belle with a great fortune. One night he appeared at a soiree in brand new uniform, his captain's bars replaced by the major's star on the collar. The belle, leaning on his arm wearily, was pouting; when another passed and said: I congratulate you, major. And what are your new duties? The officer hesitated only one instant, but that was fatal; for the lady on his arm softly lisped: Oh! he is Mrs. General--‘s commissary, with the rank of major! It is needless to add that the epigram-unjust as it was-had its effect; and the belle was no more besieged. But of all the bright coteries in Richmond society-its very arcanum of wit, brilliance and culture-rises to memory that wholly unique set, that came somehow to be called the Mosaic Club. Organization it was none; only a clique of men and womenmar-ried
fall back before superior numbers, Price had combined his army with that of Van Dorn; and on the 3d of October, the latter led them to another wild and Quixotic slaughteringstand-ing out among the deeds even of that stirring time, in bold relief for brilliant, terrible daring, and fearful slaughter-but hideous in its waste of life for reckless and ill-considered objects. The forces of the enemy at Corinth were in almost impregnable works; and Van Dorn-after worsting them in a hot fight on the 3d, and driving them into these lines, next day attacked the defenses themselves and was driven back. Officers and men behaved with a cool and brilliant daring that savored more of romance than of real war; deeds of personal prowess beyond precedent were done; and the army of Mississippi added another noble page to its record-but written deep and crimson in its best blood. And another piteous cry was wrung from the hearts of the people to know how long, O, Lord! were these terrible scenes-k
as the commanding general, and as a party to all the conferences held by me on the 21st and 22d of July, to say whether I obstructed the pursuit of the enemy after the victory at Manassas, or have ever objected to an advance or other active operation which it was feasible for the army to undertake? Very respectfully yours, etc., Jefferson Davis. headquarters, Centreville, November 10, 1861. To His Excellency, the President.- Sir: I have had the honor to receive your letter of the 3d instant, in which you call upon me, as the Commanding General, and as a party to all the conferences held by you on the 21st and 22d of July, to say: Whether I obstructed the pursuit after the battle of Manassas. Or have ever objected to an advance, or other active operations which it was feasible for the army to undertake. To the first question I reply: No. The pursuit was obstructed by the enemy's troops at Centreville, as I have stated in my official report. In that report I have
eath-dealing knots, that fight their way sullenly and terribly home to their own lines! That charge-unequaled in history — has fearfully crippled the enemy. He can not pursue. But it has failed, and the battle of Gettysburg is over! That night General Lee fell back toward Hagerstown, turning in his retreat to show front to the enemy that dared not attack. Nine days he stayed on the Maryland shore, waiting the advance that never came; then he recrossed the river, on the night of the 13th, and again fell back to the Rappahannock lines. The second Maryland campaign had failed! Into the midst of the general elation in Richmond crashed the wild rumors from the fight. We had driven the enemy through the town; we held the height; we had captured Meade and 40,000 prisoners. Washington was at our mercy; and Lee would dictate terms of peace from Philadelphia! These were the first wild rumors; eagerly sought and readily credited by the people. They were determined to beli
cy and furious pluck. Charge after charge was broken and hurled back. On they came again-ever to the shambles! Night fell on a field piled thick with bodies of the attacking force; in front of the broken salient was a perfect charnelhouse! By his own confession, Grant drove into the jaws of death at Spottsylvania over 27,000 men! But his object was, for the second time, utterly frustrated; and again he turned to the left-still dogged and obstinate-still seeking to flank Lee. On the 14th, Grant was again repulsed so sharply that his advance withdrew; and then the greatest strategist since Napoleon struck out still for his cherished left; and, leaving the open door, passed down the Valley of the Rappahannock. Lee's calm sagacity foresaw the enemy's course, and on the 23d Grant met him face to face, in a strong position near the North Anna. Blundering upon Lee's lines, throwing his men blindly against works that were proved invincible, he was heavily repulsed in two attack
adversity passed silently to his own door; it closed upon him, and his people had seen him for the last time in his battle harness. Later others came, by scores and hundreds; many a household was made glad that could not show a crust for dinner; and then for days Franklin street lived again. Once more the beloved gray was everywhere, and once more bright eyes regained a little of their brightness, as they looked upon it. Then suddenly the reins were tightened. On the morning of the 14th, the news of Lincoln's murder fell like a thunderclap upon victor and vanquished in Richmond. At first the news was not credited; then an indignant denial swelled up from the universal heart, that it was for southern vengeance, or that southern men could have sympathy in so vile an act. The sword and not the dagger was the weapon the South had proved she could use; and through the length and breadth of the conquered land was a universal condemnation of the deed. But the Federal authoriti
The accomplished author of that series of interesting papers, The last ninety days of the war in North Carolina, published in The Watchman, New York, states that the last blood of the war was shed near the Atkins plantation, a few miles from Chapel Hill, on the 14th April, 1865. In a later number of the same paper, a member of the First Tennessee Cavalry says that it is a mistake; that companies F1 and F2 of the same regiment to which he belonged, skirmished sharply with the Federals on the 15th, and claims that this was the last blood shed. Both are in error: there was a skirmish near Mt. Zion church, two miles south-east of Pittsboro. North Carolina. between a body of Wheeler's cavalry and a party of Federals, on the 17th of April; two Yankees were wounded. and three others, with several horses, captured. There was other skirmishing in the neighborhood about this time, and as late as the 29th (two days after General Johnston surrendered), a squad of Federal cavalry rode throug
ng to give him the benefit of the doubt. His first movements, too-seemingly so brilliant and dashing, compared to the more steady but resultful ones of Johnston-produced a thrill of pride and hope with all the people, save the thoughtful few, who felt we could not afford now to buy glory and victory unless it tended to the one result-safety. On the 20th July Hood assumed the offensive. He struck the enemy's right heavily and with success; repeating the blow upon his extreme left, on the 22d. The advantage on both days was with the Confederates; they drove the enemy from his works, captured several thousand prisoners, and killed and wounded over 3,000 men. But there was no solid gain in these fights; and, the enemy shifting his line after them further to the east, there was another furious battle on the 28th day of July. In this Hood was less successful, losing heavily and gaining little or no ground. The results of the fights at Atlanta were briefly these: Hood had broken
proach fulfillment, through the crushing victory of the Merrimac in Hampton Roads, on the 8th March. There was no doubt of the great success of her first experiment; and the people augured from it a series of brilliant and successful essays upon the water. The late bugbear-gunboats-began to pale before the terrible strength of this modern war-engine; and hopes were cherished that the supremacy afloat — which had been the foundation of the claim of Federal victory — was at an end. On the 23d of the same month, Jackson — who was steadily working his way to the foremost place in the mighty group of heroesstruck the enemy a heavy blow at Kernstown. His success, if not of great material benefit, was at least cheering from its brilliance and dash. But the scale, that trembled and seemed about to turn in favor of the South, again went back on receipt of the news of Van Dorn's defeat, on the 7th March, in the trans-Mississippi. Price and his veterans — the pride of the whole peop
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