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M. Gregero Gram (search for this): entry bering-sea
n of the case to the court of arbitration. Expert agents were appointed by each government to visit the localities under dispute, and make a thorough investigation of the material facts. A treaty was signed at Washington, Feb. 29, 1892, providing for the settlement by arbitration of the vexed seal question. The treaty was ratified in London, and the arbitrators met in Paris; they were Lord Hannen, Sir John Thompson, Justice Harlan, United States Senator Morgan, Baron de Courcelles, M. Gregero Gram, and Marquis Visconti Venosta. The decision of the tribunal was rendered Aug. 15, 1893. The findings of the arbitrators were: Russia never claimed exclusive rights; (Great Britain had not conceded any claim of Russia to exclusive jurisdiction; Bering Sea was included in the Pacific Ocean in the treaty of 1825: all Russian rights Passed to the United States; the United States have no rights when seals are outside the 3-mile limit. Restrictive regulations were also adopted: proclaiming
sealers. An agreement was finally entered into to submit the matter to a court of arbitration, composed of commissioners selected by the two governments. The questions at issue to be decided by this court were as follows: 1. What exclusive jurisdiction in Bering Sea did Russia exercise prior to the cession of Alaska? 2. To what extent was this jurisdiction, especially as regarded the seal fisheries, recognized by Great Britain: 3. Was the Bering Sea included in the phrase Pacific Grean in the Anglo-Russian treaty of 1825; and what rights did Russia exercise in the Bering Sea after the treaty? 4. Did not all the Russian rights in the fisheries east of the water boundary pass to the United States when the treaty was ratified by which she acquired possession of the territory of Alaska? 5. What right of protection of property has the United States in the seals frequenting United States islands, when found outside the ordinary 3-mile limit? Pending the decision of the
than ever before. The United States again asked England to interfere against the Canadian poachers, but that country refused to act unless the United States should pay Great Britain $500,000 in discharge of all claims for damages resulting from alleged illegal seizures of British vessels in Bering Sea. The United States denied the justice of this claim, hut after another year of seal slaughter, agreed to submit the claim to arbitration In July, 1896, Judge G. E. King, of Canada, and Judge W. E. Putnam, of the United States, were chosen commissioners to settle the matter. On Jan. 14, 1898. President McKinley submitted to Congress the report and awards of the commission, the last aggregating $473,151 in favor of Great Britain, and on June 14 Congress appropriated that amount. In the mean time (June, 189)6) President Cleveland appointed a commission to make an exhaustive study of the fur-seal question, and on its report (1897) president McKinley appointed a new commission to devis
ent was finally entered into to submit the matter to a court of arbitration, composed of commissioners selected by the two governments. The questions at issue to be decided by this court were as follows: 1. What exclusive jurisdiction in Bering Sea did Russia exercise prior to the cession of Alaska? 2. To what extent was this jurisdiction, especially as regarded the seal fisheries, recognized by Great Britain: 3. Was the Bering Sea included in the phrase Pacific Grean in the Anglo-Russian treaty of 1825; and what rights did Russia exercise in the Bering Sea after the treaty? 4. Did not all the Russian rights in the fisheries east of the water boundary pass to the United States when the treaty was ratified by which she acquired possession of the territory of Alaska? 5. What right of protection of property has the United States in the seals frequenting United States islands, when found outside the ordinary 3-mile limit? Pending the decision of the case by arbitration,
Grover Cleveland (search for this): entry bering-sea
e justice of this claim, hut after another year of seal slaughter, agreed to submit the claim to arbitration In July, 1896, Judge G. E. King, of Canada, and Judge W. E. Putnam, of the United States, were chosen commissioners to settle the matter. On Jan. 14, 1898. President McKinley submitted to Congress the report and awards of the commission, the last aggregating $473,151 in favor of Great Britain, and on June 14 Congress appropriated that amount. In the mean time (June, 189)6) President Cleveland appointed a commission to make an exhaustive study of the fur-seal question, and on its report (1897) president McKinley appointed a new commission to devise protection for the seals. Then efforts were made to induce Great Britain to consent to an international conference, but Canada objected to the representation of Russia and Japan, whom the United States had invited, and on this objection Great Britain declined. Subsequently the United States invited all interested nations to a c
Visconti Venosta (search for this): entry bering-sea
t of arbitration. Expert agents were appointed by each government to visit the localities under dispute, and make a thorough investigation of the material facts. A treaty was signed at Washington, Feb. 29, 1892, providing for the settlement by arbitration of the vexed seal question. The treaty was ratified in London, and the arbitrators met in Paris; they were Lord Hannen, Sir John Thompson, Justice Harlan, United States Senator Morgan, Baron de Courcelles, M. Gregero Gram, and Marquis Visconti Venosta. The decision of the tribunal was rendered Aug. 15, 1893. The findings of the arbitrators were: Russia never claimed exclusive rights; (Great Britain had not conceded any claim of Russia to exclusive jurisdiction; Bering Sea was included in the Pacific Ocean in the treaty of 1825: all Russian rights Passed to the United States; the United States have no rights when seals are outside the 3-mile limit. Restrictive regulations were also adopted: proclaiming a closed season from May
Bering sea. In 1725 Capt. Vitus Bering, a Danish navigator in the service of Peter the Great, discovered the sea which bears his name, and in 1741 he made an imperfect exploration of a portion of the Alaskan coast. By virtue of these discoveries, the Emperor Paul of Russia, in 1799, assumed the sovereignty over the American coast as far south as lat. 55°, and formally annexed that part of the continent to the Russian domains. In 1867 Russian America was purchased by the United States government for $7,200,000. The only wealth of the country known at that time was its fur-producing animals, particularly the fur-seals of the coasts and islands, and it was for this mainly that the purchase was made. The officials who conducted the transaction were not mistaken in their estimates of the revenue to be derived from this source, for during the twenty years which followed the seal-fisheries paid into the national treasury a rental which exceeded the purchase-price of the territory by $
June 15th, 1891 AD (search for this): entry bering-sea
ing Sea after the treaty? 4. Did not all the Russian rights in the fisheries east of the water boundary pass to the United States when the treaty was ratified by which she acquired possession of the territory of Alaska? 5. What right of protection of property has the United States in the seals frequenting United States islands, when found outside the ordinary 3-mile limit? Pending the decision of the case by arbitration, an agreement was entered into between the two governments, June 15, 1891, providing: 1. That Great Britain shall use her best efforts to prohibit sealing by her subjects in Bering Sea until May, 1892. 2. That the United States shall limit the number of seals to he taken by the North American Commercial Company to 7,500 per year, and shall not permit more to be taken previous to the date above given. 3. That offending vessels outside the territorial limits of the United States may be seized by either of the contracting parties; and, 4. That British
Bering sea. In 1725 Capt. Vitus Bering, a Danish navigator in the service of Peter the Great, discovered the sea which bears his name, and in 1741 he made an imperfect exploration of a portion of the Alaskan coast. By virtue of these discoveries, the Emperor Paul of Russia, in 1799, assumed the sovereignty over the American coast as far south as lat. 55°, and formally annexed that part of the continent to the Russian domains. In 1867 Russian America was purchased by the United States government for $7,200,000. The only wealth of the country known at that time was its fur-producing animals, particularly the fur-seals of the coasts and islands, and it was for this mainly that the purchase was made. The officials who conducted the transaction were not mistaken in their estimates of the revenue to be derived from this source, for during the twenty years which followed the seal-fisheries paid into the national treasury a rental which exceeded the purchase-price of the territory by $
ed illegal seizures of British vessels in Bering Sea. The United States denied the justice of this claim, hut after another year of seal slaughter, agreed to submit the claim to arbitration In July, 1896, Judge G. E. King, of Canada, and Judge W. E. Putnam, of the United States, were chosen commissioners to settle the matter. On Jan. 14, 1898. President McKinley submitted to Congress the report and awards of the commission, the last aggregating $473,151 in favor of Great Britain, and on June 14 Congress appropriated that amount. In the mean time (June, 189)6) President Cleveland appointed a commission to make an exhaustive study of the fur-seal question, and on its report (1897) president McKinley appointed a new commission to devise protection for the seals. Then efforts were made to induce Great Britain to consent to an international conference, but Canada objected to the representation of Russia and Japan, whom the United States had invited, and on this objection Great Brita
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