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J. E. B. Stuart (search for this): chapter 2
ferior ability to Jackson. Colonel A. P. Hill, subsequently one of Lee's ablest lieutenants, was at the head of another of his brigades; Pendleton was chief of artillery; and his few squadrons of Virginia horsemen were under command of Colonel J. E. B. Stuart, whom even then Johnston styled the indefatigable, and who was also destined to a greater fame. Thus far, the line of the Potomac had not been crossed. The soil of Virginia, which her inhabitants loved proudly to style sacred, had feion in the centre; and Keyes' brigade of Tyler's division on the left. Beauregard reformed his forces on the plateau beyond. His line of battle consisted of about six thousand five hundred men, thirteen pieces of artillery, and two companies of Stuart's cavalry. The definitive possession of this plateau now became the prize eagerly contested by the opposing force. This height is on three sides inclosed by small water-courses, which empty into Bull Run within a few yards of each other, and
Ricketts (search for this): chapter 2
t, unfortunately, the army was hardly in a condition to execute it; for, worn out in the hot day's work, it had already lost its cohesion, and errors were committed of which the Confederates speedily took advantage. The batteries of Griffin and Ricketts, which had played a brilliant part during the conflict, had been ordered by General McDowell to the top of the ridge on the right, so as to take advantage of the success gained. These batteries were supported by the Fire Zouaves and Marines, whce having arrived from the incoming troops of Johnston, Beauregard made a determined effort to recover the disputed plateau. The attack was vigorously made, and swept back the Union forces from the whole open ground—the batteries of Griffin and Ricketts being again and finally captured. Still, the Union line, though shaken and giving ground, did not yield the field. A fresh effort was even made to extend the right so as to envelop the Confederate left. While this movement was in execution, t
Jomini (search for this): chapter 2
to dislodge the enemy by manoeuvres rather than direct attack: in other words, he should manoeuvre offensively while he fights defensively; or, as Napoleon sums up the theory in one pregnant sentence, the genius of mountain warfare consists in occupying camp on the flanks or on the rear of the enemy, so as to leave him only the alternative of evacuating his position without fighting, or of issuing to attack. As authority on this same point, see also Dufour, Strategy and Tactics, p. 261; Jomini: Art of War, p. 168; Vial: Cours d'art, etc., vol. II., p. 83. I make this exposition of the theory of mountain warfare, because, as will presently appear, the operations of General McClellan in Western Virginia afford a very happy application of all the cardinal principles here laid down. The main turnpike from Staunton to Wheeling, which is the great highway across the mountains, was held by Garnett in an intrenched position, at Laurel Hill. This road, which here runs nearly southwa
Palmer (search for this): chapter 2
eauregard took command on the field, while Johnston went to the rear to hurry up reenforcements from his army arriving from the Valley. The Confederates had now been forced back a mile and a half, and the Union force had cleared its front completely across the Warrenton road; the Stone Bridge was uncovered, and McDowell drew up his line on the crest gained, with Heintzelman's division (brigades of Wilcox and Howard) on the right, supported by part of Porter's brigade and the cavalry under Palmer, and Franklin's brigade of Heintzelman's division; Sherman's brigade of Tyler's division in the centre; and Keyes' brigade of Tyler's division on the left. Beauregard reformed his forces on the plateau beyond. His line of battle consisted of about six thousand five hundred men, thirteen pieces of artillery, and two companies of Stuart's cavalry. The definitive possession of this plateau now became the prize eagerly contested by the opposing force. This height is on three sides inclose
Keyes (search for this): chapter 2
eld. Inferring we could cross, etc. Sherman: Report of Bull Run. Being ordered to cross Bull Run to the assistance of the forces on the other side, he was enabled to do so by this ford long before the Stone Bridge was uncovered for the passage. Keyes' brigade of the same division followed, and both succeeded in making a junction with the force engaged. This done, the whole advanced, and drove the enemy back across Young's Branch and over the Warrenton road and up the slopes on the other sideth Heintzelman's division (brigades of Wilcox and Howard) on the right, supported by part of Porter's brigade and the cavalry under Palmer, and Franklin's brigade of Heintzelman's division; Sherman's brigade of Tyler's division in the centre; and Keyes' brigade of Tyler's division on the left. Beauregard reformed his forces on the plateau beyond. His line of battle consisted of about six thousand five hundred men, thirteen pieces of artillery, and two companies of Stuart's cavalry. The def
Garnett (search for this): chapter 2
estern Virginia, and the command given to General Garnett, an old officer of the regular army. Gar he then determined to take the field against Garnett's force. The theatre of operations was that eat highway across the mountains, was held by Garnett in an intrenched position, at Laurel Hill. Ter the mountains, eastward. Five miles below Garnett's main position at Laurel Hill, a road from tany menace directed upon his line of retreat, Garnett had placed here his second in command, Coloneion of the Ohio River, determined to dislodge Garnett and Pegram by striking their main line of retard to a position within a mile and a half of Garnett's camp at Laurel Hill, and by strong demonstrevacuated his position, and attempted to join Garnett's main body, five miles north. After a day'srwise must have been. The last stand made by Garnett was at Carrick's Ford, at the passage of the der, losing all his guns and baggage, and General Garnett himself, while gallantly striving to rall[2 more...]
Thomas Jonathan Jackson (search for this): chapter 2
as General Beauregard, and the region of country under his control was named the Department of the Potomac. The body of troops collected at Harper's Ferry, and which, at the close of the month of May, consisted of nine regiments and two battalions of infantry, four companies of artillery, and about three hundred troopers, Report of General J. E. Johnston. had been formed under the hand of a man, then of no name, but destined to become one of the foremost figures of the war—Colonel Thomas Jonathan Jackson, better known in the world's bead-roll of fame as Stonewall Jackson. A lieutenant of artillery in the United States service during the Mexican war, he had at its close retired to a professorship in the Virginia Military Institute, beyond whose walls he was quite unknown, and within which he was marked only for his personal eccentricities, stern puritanism, and inflexible discipline. Upon the secession of Virginia, Professor Jackson resigned his chair, and being appointed by Go
E. D. Townsend (search for this): chapter 2
e advance was made in two columns—the regiment of Duryea's Zouaves, followed by the Third New York Volunteers, under Colonel Townsend, on the right, by way of Hampton; and Bendix's New York regiment and a Vermont battalion on the left, by way of Newpaybreak the rear regiment of the left column, under Colonel Bendix, and the rear regiment of the right column, under Colonel Townsend (which had followed Duryea's regiment at an interval of two hours), met at a junction of roads near Little Bethel; and the former, mistaking the latter for an enemy, opened a fusilade, by which Townsend's regiment suffered a loss of twenty-nine in killed and wounded before the contretemps was discovered. Lieutenant-Colonel, afterwards Major-General, Warren, atlery fire. It happened, too, that the left company became separated from the rest of the regiment by a thicket; and Colonel Townsend not being aware of this, and seeing the glistening of bayonets in the woods, concluded the enemy was outflanking him
George B. McClellan (search for this): chapter 2
by General Scott been intrusted to General George B. McClellan, formerly of the Corps of Engineersbeing bounded on one side by the Ohio River, McClellan's attention was naturally attracted to the end menacing in a military point of view, General McClellan, about the end of May, without instructicoming aware of it, abandoned his position. McClellan having determined to occupy the whole regionources of the country are inconsiderable. McClellan: Campaigns in Western Virginia, p. 25. Tram, with a force of about one thousand men. McClellan, whose line of march was from the west, frommmunicating his proposed plan of operations, McClellan adroitly put it that he should seek to repeaance north of the enemy's stronghold, as General McClellan, at Buchanon, with his other two brigade to make good his escape southward, he found McClellan already grasping his line of retreat, and he more than an equal number of men. Hurlbut: McClellan and the Conduct of the War, page 103. Th[8 more...]
Barnard (search for this): chapter 2
te notion with a large class of Northern politicians (and the people too) that nothing but an imposing display of force was necessary to crush the rebellion. General Barnard: The C. S. A. and the Battle of Bull Run, p. 42. Meanwhile, volunteers, burdening all the railways that, from the North and East and West, converge on Washinge engineers; and forts were laid out to cover the approaches to Alexandria and Arlington. These formed the initiation of the system of Defences of Washington. Barnard: Report of Engineer Operations, p. 9. The active force south of the Potomac was placed under the command of Brigadier-General Irvin McDowell, and held a positionion of the method of executing this project was to file his brigade down to the stream, draw it up parallel to the other shore, and open an unmeaning fusilade. Barnard: The Battle of Bull Run, p. 49. While engaged in this foolery, a force crossed the stream from the other side, and striking his left flank (the Twelfth New York),
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