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McDonough (Georgia, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
partment, had promised to make his contribution, when his lamented death ended a long and useful career. We count ourselves, therefore, especially fortunate that the following paper from General Gorgas has been preserved—that other interesting and valuable papers have been promised—and that Colonel William Allan, the accomplished Chief of Ordnance of the old Second Corps Army of Northern Virginia, has kindly consented to edit them for us.] Introductory note by Colonel William Allan. McDonough, Md., January, 1884. Probably no better illustration of the difficulties which lay in the way of organizing and supplying the large armies kept in the field by the Confederate Government, and of the skill and energy by which these difficulties were surmounted, is to be found than in the history of the Confederate Ordnance Department. A full account of its operations would constitute one of the most creditable and interesting chapters in the history of the Confederacy. Much of the data
Alabama (Alabama, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
Arsenal, Georgia (about)3,00028,000 Mount Vernon Arsenal, Alabama2,000 20,000 Baton Rouge Arsenal, Louisiana2,00027,000 —–on was at once turned to the production of nitre in North Alabama and in Tennessee—in the latter State under the energetic st Point, and at that moment professor in the University of Alabama, was selected to go abroad and secure them. He left Montgction in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama. To this end, contracts were made with iron-masters in thicts, especially in East Tennessee, North Carolina, and North Alabama, had to show much firmness in their dealings with the tneral exploration of the mountain regions from Virginia to Alabama, with the hope of finding new deposits of lead. One of thwho had for some years been professor in the University of Alabama, was selected and placed in charge of this delicate and imhe United States, stretching link by link from Virginia to Alabama. Our people are justly proud of the valor and constancy o<
Bermuda (search for this): chapter 15
st of 300, 000, a vessel capable of stowing six hundred and fifty bales of cotton. This vessel was kept running between Bermuda and Wilmington, and made some fifteen to eighteen successive trips before she was finally captured—the first twelve withal others were added, all devoted to carrying ordnance supplies, and finally general suplies. To supervise shipments at Bermuda, to which point they were brought by neutrals, either by steam or sail, Major Norman Walker was sent there by Mr. Secretnd Colonel Burton had made good progress in erecting ample buildings for the new machinery, part of which had arrived at Bermuda and Nassau when the Confederacy fell. But about six months before the close of the war, finding that the blockade had b work. The buildings were nearly ready for occupation at the close of the war, and some of the machinery had arrived at Bermuda. In point of time, this project preceded that of the National Armory, and was much nearer completion. These, with our
Augusta (Georgia, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
condition to do much work. The arsenal at Augusta, Ga., was directed to organize for the preparati the Government Powder-Mills was fixed at Augusta, Georgia, on the report of Colonel Rains, and progway on the canal which supplied waterpower to Augusta. This canal served as the means of transport various munitions and equipments required: Augusta, Ga.; Charleston, S. C.; Fayetteville, N. C.; Rieavy artillery; and after the powder-mills at Augusta went into operation in the fall of 1862, we huted at Columbia S. C., Charleston, Savannah, Augusta, Mobile, Selma, and various other points. Wein extent and facilities. The arsenal of Augusta, Ga., was in great part organized in the city, w castings very much. The powder mills at Augusta, Ga., which I have already mentioned as the diren. These, with our admirable powder-mills at Augusta, would have completed a set of works for the ordnance establishments— such as Richmond and Augusta, &c.—had the grade of Lieutenant-Colonel, lik
Napoleon (Ohio, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
onsequently the Southern arsenals were stripped of their deposits, which were sent to Springfield, Watervelet, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, Frankfort, Pa., and other points. After the conversion had been completed the denuded Southern arsenals were again supplied with about the same numbers, perhaps slightly augmented, that had formerly been stored there. The quota deposited at the Charleston arsenal, where I was stationed in 1860, arrived there full a year before the opening of the war. The Napoleon field-gun. I think I will be sustained by the artillery in saying that on the whole, this gun became the favorite for field service: perhaps because our rifle-shells with percussion fuzes, were, as stated by General Alexander less successful than those of the enemy. When copper became scarce, we fabricated an iron Napoleon with a wrought iron jacket, weighing in all 1,250 pounds, which was entirely satisfactory; and was cheerfully accorded by the artillery companionship with their bronz
Tennessee (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
ercussion caps, was just being produced in East Tennessee. There was no rolling mill for bar iron sdent's wishes. He, however, went first to East Tennessee to supervise and systematize the operatione mills, which were then at work for the State of Tennessee. Thus, in respect to powder and our mbronze castings. The Ordnance Department of Tennessee was also turning its attention to the manufa, and that derived from caves in East and Middle Tennessee. He supplied the two powder mills in thared by contracts was considerable—chiefly in Tennessee. The consumption of lead was in part met Hill mines, North Carolina, and Jonesboro, East Tennessee, was put up at Petersburg, under the direces were opened on account of Government in East Tennessee, near the State line of Virginia. They we its production in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama. To this end, contracn charge of these districts, especially in East Tennessee, North Carolina, and North Alabama, had to[2 more...]
South Carolina (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 15
as nearly as I can recollect: Rifles.Muskets. At Richmond, Va. (about)4,000 Fayetteville Arsenal, North Carolina (about)2,00025,000 Charleston Arsenal, South Carolina (about)2,000 20,000 Augusta Arsenal, Georgia (about)3,00028,000 Mount Vernon Arsenal, Alabama2,000 20,000 Baton Rouge Arsenal, Louisiana2,00027,000 —–—– wder mills in that State with nitre, properly refined, and good powder was thus produced. A small portion of the Georgia nitre was sent to two small mills in South Carolina,—at Pendleton and Walhalla—and a powder produced, inferior at first, but afterwards improved. The State of North Carolina established a mill near Raleigh, unaves and from other sources, and of the formation of nitre beds, which had already been begun in Richmond. Unde'r his supervision beds were instituted at Columbia S. C., Charleston, Savannah, Augusta, Mobile, Selma, and various other points. We never extracted nitre from these beds, except for trial; but they were carefully
Gonzales (search for this): chapter 15
at Pensacola, for his big ten-inch Columbiads: Lovell, at New Orleans, for his extended defences, and especially for his inadequate artillery at Forts Jackson and St. Phillips; Polk, at Columbus, Kentucky; Johnston, for his numerous batteries on the Potomac; Magruder, at Yorktown. All these were deemed most important points. Then came Wilmington, Georgetown, Port Royal, and Fernandina. Not a few of these places sent representatives to press their claims—Mr. Yulee from Fernandina, and Colonel Gonzales from Charleston. Heavy guns, too, were called for in all directions—the largest guns for the smallest places. The abandonment of the line of the Potomac, and of the upper Mississippi from Columbus to Memphis; the evacuation of the works below Pensacola, and of Yorktown, somewhat relieved us from the pressure for heavy artillery; and after the powder-mills at Augusta went into operation in the fall of 1862, we had little trouble in supplying ammunition. To obtain the iron needed f
Patrick (search for this): chapter 15
of a private name. After the war it was proposed to transfer the entire plant to the buildings which were in course of construction for it at Macon. Peace would have then found us in possession of a great armory, which I much desired. One of the earliest difficulties forced upon us in the manufacture of arms was to find an iron fit for the barrels. The skelps found at Harper's Ferry served for awhile, and when these were exhausted Colonel Burton selected an iron produced at a forge in Patrick county, Va., and by placing a skilled workman over the rolling process at the Tredegar Works he soon produced skelps with which he was satisfied. We found that almost any of the good brown haematite ores produced an iron of ample strength for the purpose, and the even grain and toughness could be attained by careful rerolling. Besides the larger armories at Richmond and Fayetteville, smaller establishments grew up at Asheville, N. C., and at Tallassee, Ala. The former was the developme
E. Ball (search for this): chapter 15
ucing 2,000 to 2,500 stands per month in all—were the only prospective resources at home. With additional workmen, and some extension of the machinery, much larger results could be obtained. But the workmen were not to be had. As it was, it would take many months to put it in working order. Parts were missing, and some injury done in the hasty transfer (partly under fire The saving of this machinery from the flames, was due to the heroic conduct of the operatives themselves, headed by Mr. Ball, the master armorer, who clung to his machinery, and by the greatest efforts, continued often under fire, saved almost the entire plant. The names of Mr. Copeland and Major W. S. Downer are also mentioned in this connection. The older brother, Frederick, was a most competent mechanic, and a man of decided administrative ability. He was almost the only one who succeeded in producing a good service arm. He was finally killed in the trenches at Savannah, fighting with a command composed of
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