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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 26 26 Browse Search
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson) 18 18 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 6 6 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 4 4 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 2 2 Browse Search
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Lysias, Speeches 1 1 Browse Search
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis: index (ed. Walter Miller) 1 1 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 1 1 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 394 BC or search for 394 BC in all documents.

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Agesi'polis I. (*)Aghsi/polis), king of Sparta, the twenty-first of the Agids beginning with Eurysthenes, succeeded his father Pausanias, while yet a minor, in B. C. 394, and reigned fourteen years. He was placed under the guardianship of Aristodemus, his nearest of kin. He came to the crown just about the time that the confederacy (partly brought about by the intrigues of the Persian satrap Tithraustes), which was formed by Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos, against Sparta, rendered it necessary to recall his colleague, Agesilaus II., from Asia; and the first military operation of his reign was the expedition to Corinth, where the forces of the confederates were then assembled. The Spartan army was led by Aristodemnus, and gained a signal victory over the allies. (Xen. Hell. 4.2.9.) In the year B. C. 390 Agesipolis, who had now reached his majority, was entrusted with the command of an army for the invasion of Argolis. Having procured the sanctions of the Olympic and Delphic gods f
Albi'nus 8. SP. POSTUMIUS ALBINUS REGILLENSIS, consular tribune B. C. 394, carried on the war against the Aequians; he at first suffered a defeat, but afterwards conquered them completely. (Liv. 5.26, 28.)
A'lea (*)Ale/a), a surname of Athena, under which she was worshipped at Alea, Mantineia. and Tegea. (Paus. 8.23.1, 9.3, 2.17.7.) The temple of Athena Alea at Tegea, which was the oldest, was said to have been built by Aleus, the son of Apheidas, from whom the goddess probably derived this surname. (Paus. 8.4.5.) This temple was burnt down in B. C. 394, and a new one built by Scopas, which in size and splendour surpassed all other temples in Peloponnesus, and was surrounded by a triple row of columns of different orders. The statue of the goddess, which was made by Endoeus all of ivory, was subsequently carried to Rome by Augustus to adorn the Forum Augusti. (Paus. 8.45.4, 46 § 1 and 2, 47.1.) The temple of Athena Alea at Tegea was an ancient and revered asylum, and the names of many persons are recorded who saved themselves by seeking refuge in it. (Paus. 3.5.6, 2.17.7, 3.7.8.) The priestess of Athena Alea at Tegea was always a maiden, who held her office only until she reached the a
as s. v. *)/Alecis; Proleg. Aristoph. p. xxx.) When he was born we are not expressly told, but he lived to the age of 106 (Plut. Defect. Orac. p. 420e.), and was living at least as late as B. C. 288. Now the town of Thurii was destroyed by the Lucanians about B. C. 390. It is therefore not at all unlikely that the parents of Alexis, in order to escape from the threatened destruction of their city, removed shortly before with their little son to Athens. Perhaps therefore we may assign about B. C. 394 as the date of the birth of Alexis. He had a son Stephanus, who also wrote comedies. (Suidas l.c.) He appears to have been rather addicted to the pleasures of the table. (Athen. 8.344.) According to Plutarch (De Senis Administ. Reipubl. p. 785b.), he expired upon the stage while being crowned as victor. Works By the old grammarians he is commonly called a writer of the middle comedy, and fragments and the titles of many of his plays confirm this statement. Still, for more than 30 years
eavoured to wrest it from Philip, but had been hindered by the Athenians. (Thuc. 1.57.) In the year 429 B. C. Amyntas, aided by Sitalces, king of the Odrysian Thracians, stood forward to contest with Perdiccas the throne of Macedonia itself; but the latter contrived to obtain peace through the mediation of Seuthes, the nephew of the Thracian king (Thuc. 2.101) ; and Amyntas was thus obliged to content himself with his hereditary principality. In the thirtyfifth year, however, after this, B. C. 394, he obtained the crown by the murder of Pausanias, son of the usurper Aeropus. (Diod. 14.89.) It was nevertheless contested with him by Argaeus, the son of Pausanias, who was supported by Bardylis, the Illyrian chief : the result was, that Amyntas was driven from Macedonia, but found a refuge among the Thessalians, and was enabled by their aid to recover his kingdom. (Diod. 14.92 ; Isocr. Archid. p. 125b. c.; comp. Diod. 16.4; Cic. de Off. 2.11.) But before his flight, when hard pressed by
the civil disfranchisement. But as Callias had but little hope in this case, he brought against him the charge of having profaned the mysteries and violated the laws respecting the temple at Eleusis. (De Myst. § 110, &c.) The orator pleaded his case in the oration still extant, On the Mysteries (peri\ tw=n musthri/wn), and was acquitted. After this attempt to crush him, he again enjoyed peace and occupied his former position in the republic for upwards of six years, at the end of which, in B. C. 394, he was sent as ambassador to Sparta respecting the peace to be concluded in consequence of Conon's victory off Cnidus. On his return he was accused of illegal conduct during his embassy (parapresbei/as). The speech On the Peace with Lacedaemon (peri\ th=s pro\s *Lakedaimoni/ons ei)rh/nhs), which is still extant, refers to this affair. It was spoken in B. C. 393. (Clinton places it in 391.) Andocides was found guilty, and sent into exile for the fourth time. He never returned afterwards, a
After defeating the Faliscans and Fidenates, and taking their camp, he marched against Veii, and succeeded in reducing the town, in the tenth year of the war. Here he acquired immense booty, and had the statue of Juno Regina removed to Rome, where it was set up in a special temple on the Aventine, which was consecrated in B. C. 391, the year in which he celerated the great games he had vowed. On his return from Veii, he entered Rome in triumph, riding in a chariot drawn by white horses. In B. C. 394 he was elected consular tribune for the third time, and reduced the Faliscans. The story of the schoolmaster who attempted to betray the town of Falerii to Camillus, belongs to this campaign. Camillus had him chained and sent back to his fellow-citizens, who were so much affected by the justice of the Roman general, that they surrendered to the Romans. (Liv. 5.27; comp. V. Max. 6.5.1, who calls Camillus consul on this occasion, although, according to the express testimony of Plutarch, he w
ss, by Pharax, the Lacedaemonian admiral, while lying at Caunus, and soon after succeeded in detaching Rhodes from the Spartan alliance. (Diod. 14.79.) Though he received considerable reinforcements, the want of supplies kept him inactive. (Isocr. Paneg. 100.39.) He therefore made a journey to the Persian court in 395. The king granted him all that he wanted, and at his request appointed Pharnabazus as his colleague. (Diod. 14.81; Isocr. Paneg. 100.39; Corn. Nep. Con. 2-4; Justin, 6.2.) In B. C. 394, they gained a decisive victory over Pisander, the Spartan admiral, off Cnidus. (Xen. Hell. 4.3.10, &c.; Diod. 14.83; Corn. Nep. Con. 4.) Pharnabazus and Conon now cruised about the islands and coasts of the Aegean, expelled the Lacedaemonian harmosts from the maritime towns, and won over the inhabitants by assurances of freedom from foreign garrisons. (Xen. Hell. 4.8; Diod. 14.84.) In the course of the winter, Conon drew contributions from the cities on the Heilespont, and in the spring o
k place, and a negotiation was entered into, Dercyllidas demanding the independence of the Asiatic Greeks, the satraps the withdrawal of the Lacedaemonian troops. A truce was then made till the Spartan authorities and the Persian king should decide respectively on the requisitions. In B. C. 396, when Agesilaus crossed into Asia, Dercyllidas was one of the three who were commissioned to ratify the short and hollow armistice with Tissaphernes. After this, he appears to have returned home. In B. C. 394 he was sent to carry the news of the battle of Corinth to Agesilaus, whom he met at Amphipolis, and at whose request he proceeded with the intelligence to the Greek cities in Asia which had furnished the Spartans with troops. This service, Xenophon says, he gladly undertook, for he liked to be absent from home,--a feeling possibly arising from the mortifications to which, as an unmarried man (so Plutarch tells us), he was subjected at Sparta. (See Dict. of Ant. p. 597.) He is said to have
Di'phridas (*Difri/das), a Lacedaemonian, was sent out to Asia, in B. C. 391, after the death of Thibron, to gather together the relics of his army, and, having raised fresh troops, to protect the states that were friendly to Sparta, and prosecute the war with Struthas. With manners no less agreeable than those of his predecessor, he had more steadiness and energy of character. He therefore soon retrieved the affairs of Lacedaemon, and, having captured Tigranes, the son-in-law of Struthas, together with his wife, he obtained a large ransom for their release, and was thus enabled to raise and support a body of mercenaries. (Xen. Hell. 4.8. §§ 21, 22.) Diphridas, the Ephor, who is mentioned by Plutarch (Plut. Ages. 17) as being sent forward to meet Agesilaus, then at Narthacium in Thessaly, and to desire him to advance at once into Boeotia, B. C. 394. (Comp. Xen. Hell. 4.3.9.) The name Diphridas, as it seems, should be substituted for Diphilas in Diod. 14.97. [
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