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ndefended Petersburg, as the case might seem best to warrant. The land forces disembarked at Bermuda Hundred and, after fortifying heavily on the line of Howlett's House, made serious demonstrations direct on Drewry's Bluff. Butler supposed that, the defenses being entirely uncovered by the drain of men for Lee's army, he could carry them with ease. In this hope he relied much upon the powerful aid of the fleet; but Admiral Lee, ascending in a double-ender, lost his pioneer-boat, the Commodore Jones and very nearly his own flag-ship, by a torpedo, opposite Signal Station. This stopped the advance of the fleet, as the river was supposed to be sown with torpedoes. Nowise daunted, General Butler-like the true knight and chivalrous leader his entire career proves him to be-drew his line closer round the coveted stronghold. But on the 16th of May, Beauregard sallied out and struck the hero of New Orleans so suddenly and so sharply that he drove him, with heavy loss and utter demo
litary chess different methods of Sherman and Grant southern view public confidence in Johnston y swelled his total additions over 20,000. Grant's army, too, was composed of the picked veteran, opposed to a total of less than 63,000, General Grant failed signally in the plan, or plans of hthinker analyze these results and then believe Grant a strategist — a great soldier-anything but a bility, in those ceaseless killings into which Grant's strategy sent them. Nor was the immense For this main advance-like every other of General Grant's-had cooperating columns all around it. Am to retreat and entirely abandon his part of Grant's new programme; and a little later he came upundred fights. Women sat quiet, the shells of Grant's civilized warfare tearing through their housn the West. Not discouraged by the failure of Grant's quadruple advance, two months before, Shermathe sledge-hammer style of attack developed by Grant. And there was more to be dreaded from his qu[17 more...]
Joseph E. Johnston (search for this): chapter 37
Chapter 36: the land of darkness and the Shadow of death. Comparison of numbers the ratio of loss the process of attrition Stuart's last fight the river approaches Beauregard bottles Butler Grant sits down before Petersburg Swapping with boot feeling of the southern people the lines in Georgia military chess different methods of Sherman and Grant southern view public confidence in Johnston Hood relieves him how received by the people the army divided the back door opened at last! Mr. Davis visits Hood's army the truce and the chances on the rack. It is essential to a clear understanding of the events, directly preceding the fall of the Confederacy, to pause here and glance at the means with which that result was so long delayed, but at last so fully accomplished. From official northern sources, we learn that General Grant crossed the Rapidan with three corps, averaging over 47,000 men. Therefore, he must have fought the battles of the Wilderness
tween the Rapidan and the James! In that time, Lee, by the junction of Breckinridge and all the fr0 men! We may, therefore, consider that General Lee, in the summer campaign of 1864, kept at ba, some southern claims, still further to reduce Lee's army. While Grant was engaged in his pertinacious failures to flank Lee, General Sheridan-whose fame as a cavalry leader was already in the iderable proportions toward Richmond. Flanking Lee upon the right, he proceeded over the North andeing entirely uncovered by the drain of men for Lee's army, he could carry them with ease. In thisheer weight; for it was known only that part of Lee's forces had crossed the river, and the line watood side by side, with the bronzed veterans of Lee's hundred fights. Women sat quiet, the shells followed the very same line that had earned General Lee the wildest enthusiasm of the people, even trol of the military power of the Confederacy. Lee had fallen back to his proper base-so had Johns[4 more...]
ed toward Dalton, where Johnston's little army now was-every ear was strained to catch the first echo of the thunder about to roll so ominously among the Georgia mountains. Upon General Grant's elevation to the chief command, General W. T. Sherman had been left in charge in the West. Not discouraged by the failure of Grant's quadruple advance, two months before, Sherman divided his army-like that operating on the Rapidaninto three corps. Thomas, leading the center, or direct advance; Schofield, the left on the North-east, and McPherson the right on the South-west-he moved upon Dalton, almost simultaneously with Grant's passage of the Rapidan. And like Grant, he essayed a flank movement; but with far different result. There was another point of similarity — the great disparity of numbers. Sherman could not have had in all, far short of 80,000 men; while Johnston's greatest exertions could not collect at Dalton an effective force of 35,000. Many of these, too, were local tr
umed, unmolested, their retreat along the line of the Etowah. By the end of the month Johnston had taken up a strong position, with his center resting upon Kenesaw Mountain; while the enemy had thrown up works, at some points nearer even than those at Petersburg. At dawn on the 27th, Sherman attacked along the whole line, directing his main strength to Kenesaw Mountain. He was repulsed decisively on both flanks and with especial slaughter in the center; losing over 3,500 men. Next day Cleburne's division defeated McPherson's corps in a severe fight, inflicting even heavier loss than it had sustained at Kenesaw Mountain. But these fights-while retarding the enemy's advance and causing him a loss three times our ownwere all nullified by Sherman's effective use of that flanking process, so strangely misused by his rival in Virginia. Those movements were but those of pawns upon the board; while the serious check to Johnston at Dalton — the flank movement upon his right — was repea
onstancy and courage. Beaten day after day by unfailing troops in strong works, they ever came again straight at those impregnable positions, against which obstinate stolidity, or blind rage for blood, drove them to the slaughter. Hancock's men especially seemed to catch inspiration from their chivalric leader. Broken and beaten at the Wildernessdeci-mated at Spottsylvania, they still were first in the deadly hail of Cold Harbor-breaking our line and holding it for a moment. Sedgwick and Warren, too-though the victim of unjust prejudice, if not of conspiracy-managed their corps with signal ability, in those ceaseless killings into which Grant's strategy sent them. Nor was the immense superiority of numbers already shown, all. For this main advance-like every other of General Grant's-had cooperating columns all around it. Add to the men under his immediate command, those of the adjunct forces under his inspiration-Butler, 35,000, Hunter, 28,000 and Sigel, 10,000-and there foots
G. W. Thomas (search for this): chapter 37
ntry untenable. Therefore, every eye was turned toward Dalton, where Johnston's little army now was-every ear was strained to catch the first echo of the thunder about to roll so ominously among the Georgia mountains. Upon General Grant's elevation to the chief command, General W. T. Sherman had been left in charge in the West. Not discouraged by the failure of Grant's quadruple advance, two months before, Sherman divided his army-like that operating on the Rapidaninto three corps. Thomas, leading the center, or direct advance; Schofield, the left on the North-east, and McPherson the right on the South-west-he moved upon Dalton, almost simultaneously with Grant's passage of the Rapidan. And like Grant, he essayed a flank movement; but with far different result. There was another point of similarity — the great disparity of numbers. Sherman could not have had in all, far short of 80,000 men; while Johnston's greatest exertions could not collect at Dalton an effective for
cooperating columns all around it. Add to the men under his immediate command, those of the adjunct forces under his inspiration-Butler, 35,000, Hunter, 28,000 and Sigel, 10,000-and there foots up a grand total of 307,000 men! We may, therefore, consider that General Lee, in the summer campaign of 1864, kept at bay and nullifieng the end of the fight. When the news came there was deep thankfulness; but it was solemn and shadowed from the sorrow that craped the victory. Meantime, General Sigel had threatened the Valley with a heavy force; but, in mid-May he had been met by General Breckinridge and was defeated with such loss of men and munitions, that he retreated precipitately across the Shenandoah. The co-operation of Sigel was virtually at an end. But the more important co-operation had been equally unsuccessful. Simultaneously with Grant's passage of the Rapidan, General Butler, with an army of 35,000 men and a fleet of iron-clads, double-enders, gunboats and transpo
ess of attrition Stuart's last fight the river approaches Beauregard bottles Butler Grant sits down before Petersburg Swapping with boot feeling of the southe the enemy off; when he passed down the James to Turkey Island, where he joined Butler's forces. But the fight had one result far more serious to the South-the De equally unsuccessful. Simultaneously with Grant's passage of the Rapidan, General Butler, with an army of 35,000 men and a fleet of iron-clads, double-enders, gunboline of Howlett's House, made serious demonstrations direct on Drewry's Bluff. Butler supposed that, the defenses being entirely uncovered by the drain of men for Let, as the river was supposed to be sown with torpedoes. Nowise daunted, General Butler-like the true knight and chivalrous leader his entire career proves him to he miscarriage of a part of the plan, entrusted to a subordinate general, saved Butler's army from complete destruction. As it was, he there remained bottled up,
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