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Browsing named entities in a specific section of George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition.. Search the whole document.

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James Otis (search for this): chapter 1
. His advancement by Sir Robert Walpole, who shunned men of talents as latent rivals, was owing to his rank, wealth, influence over boroughs, and personal imbecility. For nearly four-and-twenty years he remained minister for British America; yet to the last, the statesman, who was deeply versed in chap. I.} 1748. the statistics of elections, knew little of the continent of which he was the guardian. He addressed letters, it used to be confidently said, to the island of New England, James Otis on the Rights of the Colonies. Ms. Letter of J. Q. Adams. and could not tell but that Jamaica was in the Mediterranean. Walpole's Memoires of the last ten years of the reign of George II. Heaps of colonial memorials and letters remained unread in his office; and a paper was almost sure of neglect, unless some agent remained with him to see it opened. Memoires, &c., i. 343. Gov. Clinton, of New-York, to the Earl of Lincoln, April, 1748. His frivolous nature could never glow with affe
George Grenville (search for this): chapter 1
seals for the Northern Department. Those of the Southern, which included the colonies, were intrusted to the Duke of Bedford. The new secretary was a man of inflexible honesty and good — will to his country, untainted by duplicity or timidity. His abilities were not brilliant; but his inheritance of the rank and fortune of his elder brother gave him political consideration. In 1744, he had entered the Pelham ministry as First Lord of the Admiralty, bringing with him to that board George Grenville and the Earl of Sandwich. In that station his orders to Warren contributed essentially to the conquest of Louisburg. Thus his attention was drawn to the New World as the scene of his own glory. In the last war he had cherished the darling project of conquering Canada, and the great and practicable views for America were said by Pitt to have sprung from him alone. Proud of his knowledge of trade, and accustomed to speak readily on almost every subject, he entered without distrust on
Chalmers (search for this): chapter 1
sumed self-direction. The method adopted in England for superintending American affairs, by means of a Board of Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, who had neither a voice in the deliberation of the cabinet nor access to the king, tended to involve the colonies in everincreasing confusion. The Board framed instructions without power to enforce them, or to propose measures for their efficiency. It took cognizance of all events, and might investigate, give information, or advise; Chalmers's Political Annals of the United Colonies. Book II., chap. III. 236. Opinions of Eminent Lawyers; Preface VIII., IX. but it had no authority to form an ultimate decision on any political question whatever. In those days there were two secretaries of state charged with the management of the foreign relations of Great Britain. The executive power with regard to the colonies was reserved to the Secretary of State, who had the care of what was called the Southern Department, chap. I.} 17
Henry Fox (search for this): chapter 1
I. 365. was yet capable of persevering in a system chap. I.} 1748. Newcastle was of so fickle a head, and so treacherous a heart, that Walpole called his name Perfidy; Lord John Russell's Introduction to the Bedford Correspondence, i. XXVI. Henry Fox, the first Lord Holland, said, he had no friends, and deserved none; and Lord Halifax used to revile him, in the strongest terms, as a knave and a fool; Bubb Dodington's Diary, 206. he was too unstable to be led by others, and, from his own o nothing but what he himself thought indisputably right, was always governed, and was also immeasurably obstinate in an opinion once received; Walpole's Memoires of George II., i. 162. being the most ungovernable governed man in England, Henry Fox, Lord Holland. and the most faithful to the vulgar and dissolute bandits who formed his political connection. Neither was cruel or revengeful; but while the one had no rancor or ill-nature, and no enmities but freaks of petulance, the other ca
French (search for this): chapter 1
y a vast majority dissenting from the Church of England; attracting the commoners and plebeian sects of the parent country, and rendered cosmopolitan by recruits from the nations of the European continent. By the benignity of the law, the natives of other lands were received as citizens; and political liberty, as a birthright, was the talisman, that harmoniously blended all differences and inspired a new public life, dearer than their native tongue, their memories and their kindred. Dutch, French, Swede and German, renounced their nationality, to claim the rights of Englishmen. The extent of those rights, as held by the colonists, had never been precisely ascertained. Of all the forms of civil government of which they had ever chap. I.} 1748. heard or read, no one appeared to them so well calculated to preserve liberty, and to secure all the most valuable advantages of civil society as the English; Writings of Samuel Adams in 1748. and of this happy constitution of the mothe
George Lyttelton (search for this): chapter 1
ders. He was himself free from avarice; but having the patronage of a continent, in colonies where consummate discretion and ability were required, he would gratify his connections in the aristocratic families of England by intrusting the royal prerogative to men of broken fortunes, dissolute and ignorant, too vile to be employed near home; so that America became the hospital of Great Britain for its decayed members of parliament, and abandoned courtiers. Huske to a Friend, inclosed in Lyttelton to his Brother, 30th Jan. 1758, in Phillimore's Memoirs of Lord Lyttelton, II. 604. Of such officers the conduct was sure to provoke jealous distrust, and to justify perpetual opposition, But Newcastle was satisfied with distributing places; and acquiesced with indifference in the policy of the colonists, to keep the salaries of all officers of the crown dependent on the annual deliberations of the legislature. Placed between the Lords of Trade, who issued instructions, and the cabinet, w
Milton (search for this): chapter 1
tutions. Thought obtained for itself free utterance by speech and by the press. Industry was commissioned to follow the bent of its own genius. The system of commercial restrictions between states was reprobated and shattered; and the oceans were enfranchised for every peaceful keel. International law was humanized and softened; and a new, milder and more just maritime code was concerted and enforced. The trade in slaves was branded and restrained. The home of the language of Bacon and Milton, of Chatham and Washington, became so diffused, that in every zone, and almost in every longitude, childhood lisps the English as its mother tongue. The equality of all men was declared; personal freedom secured in its complete individuality, and common consent recognised as the only just origin of fundamental laws, so that the people in thirteen separate states, with ample territory for creating more, each formed its own political institutions. By the side of the principle of the freedom
William Pitt (search for this): chapter 1
ther gave him political consideration. In 1744, he had entered the Pelham ministry as First Lord of the Admiralty, bringing with him to that board George Grenville and the Earl of Sandwich. In that station his orders to Warren contributed essentially to the conquest of Louisburg. Thus his attention was drawn to the New World as the scene of his own glory. In the last war he had cherished the darling project of conquering Canada, and the great and practicable views for America were said by Pitt to have sprung from him alone. Proud of his knowledge of trade, and accustomed to speak readily on almost every subject, he entered without distrust on the administration of a continent. Of the two dukes, who, at this epoch of the culminating power of the aristocracy, guided the external policy of England, each hastened the independence of America. Newcastle, who was childless, depended on office for all his pleasure;—Bedford, though sometimes fond of place, was too proud to covet it alw
J. Q. Adams (search for this): chapter 1
of talents as latent rivals, was owing to his rank, wealth, influence over boroughs, and personal imbecility. For nearly four-and-twenty years he remained minister for British America; yet to the last, the statesman, who was deeply versed in chap. I.} 1748. the statistics of elections, knew little of the continent of which he was the guardian. He addressed letters, it used to be confidently said, to the island of New England, James Otis on the Rights of the Colonies. Ms. Letter of J. Q. Adams. and could not tell but that Jamaica was in the Mediterranean. Walpole's Memoires of the last ten years of the reign of George II. Heaps of colonial memorials and letters remained unread in his office; and a paper was almost sure of neglect, unless some agent remained with him to see it opened. Memoires, &c., i. 343. Gov. Clinton, of New-York, to the Earl of Lincoln, April, 1748. His frivolous nature could never glow with affection, or grasp a great idea, or analyse complex relation
Robert Walpole (search for this): chapter 1
cedure of the colonies were utterly at variance with the maxims that prevailed at the Board of Trade. In April, 1724, the seals for the Southern Department and the colonies had been intrusted to the Duke of Newcastle. His advancement by Sir Robert Walpole, who shunned men of talents as latent rivals, was owing to his rank, wealth, influence over boroughs, and personal imbecility. For nearly four-and-twenty years he remained minister for British America; yet to the last, the statesman, who er Bedford, though fond of theatricals and jollity, Pelham to Newcastle in Coxe's Pelham Administration, II. 365. was yet capable of persevering in a system chap. I.} 1748. Newcastle was of so fickle a head, and so treacherous a heart, that Walpole called his name Perfidy; Lord John Russell's Introduction to the Bedford Correspondence, i. XXVI. Henry Fox, the first Lord Holland, said, he had no friends, and deserved none; and Lord Halifax used to revile him, in the strongest terms, as a
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