previous next


2274. ὥστε so that with the indicative states the actual result of the action of the leading verb. This is especially common in narrative statements with the aorist tense. The negative is οὐ.

““ἐπιπί_πτει χιὼν ἄπλετος ὥστε ἀπέκρυψε καὶ τὰ ὅπλα καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπουςan immense amount of snow fell so that it buried both the arms and the menX. A. 4.4.11, ““εἰς τοσοῦτον ὕβρεως ἦλθον ὥστ᾽ ἔπεισαν ὑ_μᾶς ἐλαύνειν αὐτόνthey reached such a pitch of insolence that they persuaded you to expel himI. 16.9 (cp. 2258 a), οὕτω σκαιὸς εἶ . . . ὥστ᾽ ου᾽ δύνασαι κτλ. are you so stupid that you are not able, etc. D. 18.120 (of a definite fact; with μὴ δύνασθαι the meaning would be so stupid as not to be able, expressing a characteristic). So after the locution τοσούτου δέω, as τοσούτου δέω περὶ τῶν μὴ προσηκόντων ἱκανὸς εἶναι λέγειν, ὥστε δέδοικα κτλ. I am so far from able to speak about that which does not refer to my case that I fear, etc. L. 17.1. ὡς is very rare: ““νομίζω οὕτως ἔχειν ὡς ἀποστήσονται αὐτοῦ αἱ πόλειςI consider that it is the case that the cities will revolt from himX. H. 6.1.14.

a. So when ὥστε introducing an independent sentence practically has the force of οὖν, τοίνυν, τοιγαροῦν and so therefore, consequently. Thus ““καὶ εἰς μὲν τὴν ὑστεραία_ν οὐχ ἧκεν: ὥσθ᾽ οἱ Ἕλληνες ἐφρόντιζονand on the next day he did not come; consequently the Greeks were anxiousX. A. 2.3.25. Cp. 2275. This use appears sometimes with the infinitive: ““ὥστ᾽ ἐμὲ ἐμαυτὸν ἀνερωτᾶνand so I kept asking myselfP. A. 22e.

hide References (2 total)
  • Cross-references to this page (2):
    • Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.2.4
    • Jeffrey A. Rydberg-Cox, Overview of Greek Syntax, Verbs: Mood
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar: