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καὶ ἦν δὲ—cf. II. 36 καὶ πρέπον δὲ ἅμα In this idiom δὲ is the connecting particle, while καὶ emphasises the statement. This is a remark added by Thuc. on his own account. οὐχὶ Ἀθηναίων—it was not the A. only that they were going to conquer, but many of their allies as well, and not by themselves either, but in company with those who had come to their aid—having taken the lead with . . . and having put forward their city in the struggle to take the post of danger and having made a great advance with the fleet. 23 περιεγίγνοντο—the imperf. of γίγνομαι and its compounds is frequently thus used when something about to happen is anticipated. So with δίδωμι and compounds. Cf. Andoc. I. φονεὺς ἐγιγνόμην τοῦ πατρός=‘I was near becoming my father's murderer.’ τῶν ἄλλων πολλῶν ξυμμάχων—they would be defeating as well their own enemies in Sicily. οὐδ᾽ αὐτοὶ αὖ μόνοι—Kruger objects that it would detract from the glory of Syr. to say that they won with the help of others; but Thuc. here states with exactness the nature of the success, and is not concerned either to enhance or to detract from it. Their distinction was (a) to have fought side by side with Corinth and Sparta, (b) that Syr. had borne the brunt of the struggle, (c) that thus it had been the chief instrument in destroying the A. empire. “It was Syracuse, that day the equal yoke-fellow of Cor. and of Sparta, going forth at the head of a crowd of allies, but with Syr. herself the centre and object of the strife, that was called on to strike the blow.” Freeman . ἐμπαρασχόντες—i.e. παρασχόντες ἐν τῷ ἀγῶνι. ἐν in compounds has often an adverbial force; as in II. 44.1 ἐνευδαιμονῆσαι=εὐδαιμονῆσαι ἐν τῷ βίῳ. προκινδυνεῦσαί τε—the τε, as Herbst rightly says, joins προκόψαντες with ἐμπαρασχόντες, and προκινδυνεῦσαι is in this order because it is an integral part of the phrase. τοῦ ναυτικοῦ . . . προκόψαντες — having opened the way for the navy, by shewing that the A were not invincible by sea Cf. Eur Hippol. 23, Xen Hipparch. 6, 5.
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