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[835] παρέξει, it (the “σόλος”) or he (the owner) will supply iron. The idea of a state of things when the ploughman and shepherd (?) forge their own tools from a lump of raw iron has a suspicious appearance of a deliberate attempt to represent from the inner consciousness an archaic stage of civilisation. In Homeric times the “χαλκεύς” is already specialized as a worker in metal, and there is no primitive industry where the advantage of division of labour is likely to be sooner felt.

The Iliad, edited, with apparatus criticus, prolegomena, notes, and appendices. Walter Leaf. London. Macmillan. 1900.

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