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exceeds, as has been said, by
spending beyond what is right. He spends a great deal and makes a tasteless display on
unimportant occasions: for instance, he gives a dinner to his club on the scale of a
wedding banquet, and when equipping a chorus at the comedies he brings it on in purple at
its first entrance, as is done at Megara.1 Moreover, he does all this not from a noble motive but to show off
his wealth, and with the idea that this sort of thing makes people admire him; and he
spends little where he ought to spend much and much where he ought to spend little.
2.
[21]
The paltry man on the
other hand will err on the side of deficiency in everything; even when he is spending a
great deal, he will spoil the effect for a trifle, and by hesitating at every stage and
considering how he can spend least, and even so grudging what he spends and always
thinking he is doing things on a greater scale than is necessary. 2.
[22]
These dispositions then are vices, but
they do not bring serious discredit, since they are not injurious to others, nor are they
excessively unseemly.3.
Greatness of Soul,2 as the word itself implies, seems to be related to great
objects; let us first ascertain what sort of objects these are.
1 In the earlier scenes of the comedies of Aristophanes, the chorus appear in character as charcoal-burners, cavalrymen, wasps, clouds, etc., and take part in the action of the play as such. They seem to have stripped off their outer dress for the Parabasis, or interlude, in which they address the audience on behalf of the author （Aristoph. Ach. 627,Aristoph. Peace 730）. In the later scenes they tend to fall more into the position of spectators, like the chorus of tragedy; and the play usually ends with something in the nature of a triumphal procession, when purple robes （like the scarlet worn by the chorus at the end of the Eumenides of Aeschylus） would not be inappropriate, as they would be in the opening scenes. Megarian comedy is elsewhere associated with coarse buffoonery.
2 μεγαλοψυχία, magnanimitas, means lofty pride and self-esteem rather than magnanimity or high-mindedness （in the modern sense of the word）.
Aristotle in 23 Volumes, Vol. 19, translated by H. Rackham. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1934.
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