William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb

---

[*] 525. When the relative clause simply states a present or past supposition, implying nothing as to the fulfilment of the condition, the verb is in one of the present or past tenses of the indicative. The antecedent clause can have any form of the verb, like an ordinary apodosis. (See 402.) E.g. Ἃ μὴ οἶδα, οὐδὲ οἴομαι εἰδέναι (like εἴ τινα μὴ οἶδα). PLAT. Ap. 21D. (See 520.) “Χρήσθων ὅ τι βούλονται” “let them deal with me as they please (i.e. εἴ τι βούλονται).” AR. Nub. 439. Ἐπίσταμαι ὁρᾶν θ᾽ ἃ δεῖ με, κοὐχ ὁρᾶν ἃ μὴ πρέπει, I know how to see anything which I ought to see, and not to see anything which I ought not. InoEUR. , EUR. Fr. 417. (Ἃ δεῖ is nearly equivalent to εἴ τινα δεῖ, and ἃ μὴ πρέπει to εἴ τινα μὴ πρέπει.) Τοὺς πλείστους ἔνθαπερ ἔπεσον ἑκάστους ἔθαψαν: οὓς δὲ μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησαν, i.e. they raised a cenotaph for any of them whom they did not find (like εἴ τινας μὴ εὕρισκον). XEN. An. vi. 4, 9. Τί γάρ; ὅστις δαπανηρὸς ὢν μὴ αὐτάρκης ἐστὶν, ἀλλ᾽ ἀεὶ τῶν πλησίον δεῖται, καὶ λαμβάνων μὴ δύναται ἀποδιδόναι, μὴ λαμβάνων δὲ τὸν μὴ διδόντα μισεῖ, οὐ δοκεῖ σοι καὶ οὗτος χαλεπὸς φίλος εἶναι; (i.e. supposing a case, εἴ τις . . . μὴ αὐτάρκης ἐστὶν, κ.τ.λ.). Id. Mem. ii. 6, Id. Mem. 2.So ἥτις μηδαμοῦ ξυμμαχεῖ, THUC. i. 35. Ἃ γάρ τις μὴ προσεδόκησεν, οὐδὲ φυλάξασθαι ἐγχωρεῖ, for there is no opportunity even to guard against what we did not expect (like εἴ τινα μὴ προσεδόκησέ τις). ANT. v. 19. Εἰς τὰ πλοῖα τούς τε ἀσθενοῦντας ἐνεβίβασαν καὶ τῶν σκευῶν ὅσα μὴ ἀνάγκη ἦν ἔχειν (like εἴ τινα τῶν σκευῶν μὴ ἀνάγκη ἦν ἔχειν), i.e. any which they did not need. XEN. An. v. 3, 1. Ἀνθρώπους διέφθειρεν (ἡ θάλασσα) ὅσοι μὴ ἐδύναντο φθῆναι πρὸς τὰ μετέωρα ἀναδραμόντες, i.e. if any were unable to escape soon enough to the high land, so many the sea destroyed. THUC. iii. 89. Οἷς μὲν αἵρεσις γεγένηται τἄλλα εὐτυχοῦσι, πολλὴ ἄνοια πολεμῆσαι: εἰ δ᾽ ἀναγκαῖον ἦν, κ.τ.λ., for any who have had the choice given them, while they are prosperous in other respects, it is great folly to go to war (i.e. εἴ τισιν αἵρεσις γεγένηται). Id. ii. 61. Πάντες ἴσμεν Χαβρίαν οὔτε τύπτοντα οὔθ᾽ ἁρπάζοντα τὸν στέφανον οὔθ᾽ ὅλως προσιόνθ᾽ ὅποι μὴ προσῆκεν αὐτῷ, nor going anywhere at all where it was not lawful for him (i.e. εἴ ποι μὴ προσῆκεν). DEM. xxi. 64. Πῶς οὖν οἱ ἀγαθοὶ τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς φίλοι ἔσονται, οἳ μήτε ἀπόντες ποθεινοὶ ἀλλήλοις μήτε παρόντες χρείαν αὑτῶν ἔχουσι; (i.e. εἰ μὴ ἔχουσι). Lys. 215 B. Νικῴη δ᾽ ὅ τι πᾶσιν ὑμῖν μέλλει συνοίσειν (i.e. εἴ τι μέλλει), may any plan prevail which will benefit you all. DEM. iv. 51.