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Throughout Greece now that its several states were in confusion because of unwonted forms of government, and many uprisings were occurring in the midst of the general anarchy, the Lacedaemonians gave assistance to such as were trying to establish oligarchies, while the Athenians supported those groups which clung to democracy. [2] For both these states did maintain the truce1 for a short time, but then, acting in co-operation with their affiliated cities renewed the war, no longer respecting the general peace that had been agreed upon. So it came about that in Zacynthos the popular party, being angry and resentful toward those who had held control of the government during the domination of the Lacedaemonians, drove them all into exile. . . .2 These Zacynthians, having taken refuge with Timotheus the Athenian in charge of the fleet, joined his naval force and fought with him. [3] Accordingly they made him their confederate, were transported by him to the island, and seized a stronghold by the sea which they called Arcadia.3 With this as their base and having the support of Timotheus they inflicted damage upon those in the city.4 [4] And when the Zacynthians asked the Lacedaemonians to help them, these latter at first sent envoys to Athens to denounce Timotheus; but then, seeing that the Athenian people favoured the exiles,5 they organized a fleet, and manning twenty-five triremes sent them to assist the Zacynthians, placing Aristocrates in command.6

1 See chap. 38.1.

2 The sense seems to be: "Restored by the Lacedaemonians, these exiles banished their enemies in their turn".

3 Arcadia may have been the name of the fortress and Nellus, IG（2）, 43.133-134, the name of the mountain on which it was constructed (see Dittenberger （3）, 1.147, note 48).

4 See account in Xen. Hell. 6.2.2-3. Beloch, Griechische Geschichte （2）, 3.1.156, places the attack after the formation of the peace in the late autumn of 375. Cary, Cambridge Ancient History, 6.77, gives 374.

5 They even went so far as to make the Zacynthian democrats members of the league (Cambridge Ancient History, ibid.). See inscription list, IG（2）, 43.131 ff., where the Zacynthians appear as the last addition to the list. Dittenberger （3）, 1.147, note 42, gives the date 374.

6 He must have been Spartan nauarch for 375/4 according to Beloch, Griechische Geschichte （2）, 2.2.281.

Diodorus Siculus. Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes with an English Translation by C. H. Oldfather. Vol. 4-8. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989.

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