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3.
There is also another circumstance that
contributes not a little to my conviction of the weakness of ancient times.
Before the Trojan war there is no indication of any common action in
Hellas,
[2]
nor indeed of the universal prevalence of the name; on the contrary, before the time of Hellen, son of Deucalion, no such
appellation existed, but the country went by the names of the different
tribes, in particular of the Pelasgian. It was not till Hellen and his sons grew strong in Phthiotis, and were
invited as allies into the other cities, that one by one they gradually
acquired from the connection the name of Hellenes; though a long time elapsed before that name could fasten itself upon all.
[3]
The best proof of this is furnished by Homer.
Born long after the Trojan war, he nowhere calls all of them by that name,
nor indeed any of them except the followers of Achilles from Phthiotis, who
were the original Hellenes: in his poems they are called Danaans, Argives,
and Achaeans.
He does not even use the term barbarian, probably because the Hellenes had
not yet been marked off from the rest of the world by one distinctive
appellation.
[4]
It appears therefore that the several Hellenic communities, comprising not
only those who first acquired the name, city by city, as they came to
understand each other, but also those who assumed it afterwards as the name
of the whole people, were before the Trojan war prevented by their want of
strength and the absence of mutual intercourse from displaying any
collective action.
Indeed, they could not
unite for this expedition till they had gained increased familiarity with
the sea.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.
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References (73 total)
- Commentary references to this page
(19):
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Ajax, 1195
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Philoctetes, 800
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Trachiniae, 1094
- W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus, 1.56
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2, 2.21
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.34
- T. G. Tucker, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 8, 8.44
- T. G. Tucker, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 8, 8.8
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER CXX
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LXII
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LXX
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LXXXII
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.38
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.4
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.47
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.58
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.89
- W. Walter Merry, James Riddell, D. B. Monro, Commentary on the Odyssey (1886), 15.78
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.18
- Cross-references to this page
(17):
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, THE CASES
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, THE VERB: VOICES
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, NEGATIVE SENTENCES
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, PARTICLES
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.3.1
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.4.1
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.pos=2.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.1.4
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.2.1
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.6.1
- Harper's, Deucalion
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), CI´VITAS
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), GRAE´CIA
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), THESSA´LIA
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter II
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter VI
- Smith's Bio, HELLEN
- Cross-references in notes to this page
(2):
- Strabo, Geography, Strab. 14.2
- Strabo, Geography, Strab. 8.6
- Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page
(35):
- LSJ, Ἕλλην
- LSJ, Ἑλλάς
- LSJ, Τρω-ϊκός
- LSJ, δηλ-όω
- LSJ, ἀμιξία
- LSJ, ἀνακα^λέω
- LSJ, ἀποκρίνω
- LSJ, ἀσθέν-εια
- LSJ, βάρβα^ρος
- LSJ, ἔπος
- LSJ, ἐκνι_κ-άω
- LSJ, ἐνοικ-ίζω
- LSJ, ἐπάγω
- LSJ, ἐπί-κλησις
- LSJ, ἐπωνυ^μ-ία
- LSJ, κοινός
- LSJ, μήν
- LSJ, ὁ
- LSJ, ὀνομάζω
- LSJ, οὐ μέντοι,
- LSJ, οὐ μήν,
- LSJ, οὖν
- LSJ, οὐδα^μ-οῦ
- LSJ, πάνυ^
- LSJ, πα^λαιός
- LSJ, πλείων
- LSJ, πρό
- LSJ, συνέρχομαι
- LSJ, συνίημι
- LSJ, τεκμηρι-όω
- LSJ, τις
- LSJ, ὕστερος
- LSJ, ὡς
- LSJ, ὠφέλ-εια
- LSJ, χράω
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