Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 8
Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D., Ed.

11. These particulars, even though the memory of every religious and secular usage has been wiped out by men's preference of the new and outlandish to the ancient and homebred, I have thought it not foreign to my purpose to repeat, and in the very words in which they were formulated and handed down.

[2] i find in certain writers that it was not until the battle was over that the Samnites, who had been [p. 45]waiting [3??] for the outcome of the engagement, came¹ up to support the Romans. [4] The Latins, too, were already defeated when the Lavinians, who were consuming time in deliberation, began to march to their assistance; and receiving word of the disaster to the Latins just as their foremost ensigns and a portion of their column had passed out through the gates, they faced about and returned into the city, their praetor, Milionius, remarking, so it is said, that they would have to pay a large price to the Romans for that little march.

[5] such of the Latins as survived the battle, after being dispersed over many roads, were reunited, and took refuge in the town of Vescia. [6] in the councils which they held there, Numisius, their commander —inchief, asserted that the fortune of war had in truth been common,² overwhelming both armies with equal carnage. [7] The Romans, he said, were victorious only in name, in all else they too were as though they had been defeated; both consular headquarters were polluted, the one by the blood of a son, the other by the death of the devoted consul; their whole army had been cut to pieces, their first and second lines had been massacred, and the slaughter had extended from the troops before the standards to those behind them; finally the veterans had restored the day; [8] but though the Latin forces had been equally cut up, yet, for recruiting, either Latium or the Volscian country was nearer than Rome; [9] if therefore it seemed good to then, he would speedily summon the fighting men front the Latin and Volscian tribes, and would return with an embattled host to Capua, where the unexpectedness of his arrival would strike dismay into the Romans, [p. 48]who just then were looking for anything rather than³ a battle. [10] misleading letters were sent out to all parts of Latium and the country of the Volsci, and since those who received them had not been present at the battle, gained ready credence; and an army of militia was levied in hot haste and brought together from every quarter.

[11] this force Torquatus the consul met near Trifanum, a place situated between Sinuessa and Minturnae. both armies, without waiting to choose sites for their camps, piled their baggage and fell to fighting, and the war was ended then and there; [12] for the enemy's strength was brought so low that, when the consul led his victorious army to pillage their fields, the Latins all surrendered, and the Campanians followed their example. Latium and Capua were deprived of territory. [13] The Latin territory, with the addition of that belonging to Privernum, together with the Falernian —which had belonged to the Campanian people —as far as the river Volturnus, was parcelled out amongst the Roman plebs. [14] The assignment was two iugera in Latium supplemented with three —fourths of a iugerum from the land of Privernum, or three iugera in the Falernian district, —a fourth of a iugerum being added to compensate for its remoteness.⁴ [15] The Laurentes and the Campanian knights were exempted from the punishment inflicted on the Latins, because they had not revolted; it was ordered that the treaty with the Laurentes should be renewed, and it has been renewed every year from that time, on the tenth day after the Latin Festival. [16] The Campanian knights received Roman citizenship, and to commemorate the occasion a bronze tablet was fastened up in [p. 49]the temple of Castor at Rome.⁵ moreover, the⁶ Campanian people were commanded to pay them each a yearly stipend —there were sixteen hundred of them —amounting to four hundred and fifty denarii.⁷