C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4

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CHAPTER LXXIX

ὡς Περδίκκαν—Perdiccas is first mentioned in 432 as trying to get up a league against Athens, ξύμμαχος πρότερον καὶ φίλος ὤν (i. 57). He was alternately the nominal friend and the enemy of Athens. Some account of the rise and extent of the Macedonian kingdom is given in ii. 99.

οἱ...ἀφεστῶτες Ἀθηναίων—Chalcidians and Bottiaeans who joined in the revolt of Potidaea in 432 (i. 58).

ἐξήγαγον—‘promoted the expedition’: Arnold points out that ἐξάγω ‘is applied with great propriety in the present case, for the getting the Peloponnesians to move out of Peloponnesus was the great difficulty’. For the force of the active see note on ξυνεπαγόντων, ch. 1, 14: so infr. ξυνεπῆγον.

πλησιόχωροι—apparently governs αὐτῶν, for the position of which word see note on ch. 5, 10: Ar. Vesp. 393, τὸν σαυτοῦ πλησιόχωρον.

διάφορα—with gen.: so iii. 54, τὰ Θηβαίων διάφορα.

Λυγκηστῶν—cf. ii. 99, where we find that the kingdom of the Lyncestae was subordinate to Macedonia. Arrhibaeus seems to have defied his suzerain Perdiccas. παραστήσασθαι— ‘to reduce, bring to terms’: so παραστῆναι means to yield or surrender: Dem. Androt. 597, τῷ πολέμῳ παρέστησαν.

ξυνέβη—‘opportune cecidit’: in construction this sentence resembles ch. 47, 4, ξυνελάβοντο δὲ...ὥστε κ.τ.λ.