I. a ship's tackle, tackling, Hom.(only in Od.), 2.390, al., Hes.Op.627 ; esp. ropes, halyards, etc., “δησάμενοι δ᾽ ἄρα ὅπλα” Od. 2.430, etc.; in which sense Hom. twice uses the sg., rope, 14.346, 21.390: generally, any ropes, Hdt.7.25, 9.115, Hp.Art.78.
II. tools, strictly so called, in Hom. esp. of smiths' tools, Il.18.409,412 ; in full, “ὅπλα χαλκήϊα” Od.3.433 : in sg., ὅπλον ἀρούρης sickle, AP6.95 (Antiphil) ; ὅπλον γεροντικόν staff, Call.Epigr.1.7 ; δείπνων ὅπλον ἑτοιμότατον, of the wine-flask, AP6.248 (Marc. Arg.).
III. in pl., also, implements of war, arms and armour, Hom. (only in Il.), αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πάνθ᾽ ὅπλα κάμε, of the arms of Achilles, 18.614, cf. 19.21 ; “ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην” 10.254,272 ; so in Pi.N.8.27, IG12.1.9, E.Hec. 14, etc.: rarely in sg., weapon, “οὐδέ τι ἀρήϊον ὅπλον ἐκτέαται” Hdt.4.23, cf. 174, E.HF161,570,942, Pl.R.474a, X.Cyr.7.4.15 ; ποτὶ πονηρὸν οὐκ ἄχρηστον ὅπλον ἁ πονηρία [Epich.]275 ; piece of armour, D.S.3.49.
2. the large shield, from which the men-at-arms took their name of ὁπλῖται (“εἰκόνα γραπτὴν ἐν ὅπλῳ” IG22.1012.18 (ii B. C.), cf. IGRom.4.1302.35 (Cyme, i B. C./i A. D.), Th.7.75, D.S.15.44, 17.18); “ὅπλον στύππινον” IG11(2).203 B99 (Delos, iii B. C.) : metaph., “τῆς πενίας ὅπλον ἡ παρρησία” Nicostr.Com.29; “ὅ. μέγιστον . . ἁρετὴ βροτοῖς” Men. Mon.433, cf. 619.
3. in pl., also, heavy arms, Hdt.9.53 ; ὅπλων ἐπιστάτης, = ὁπλίτης, opp. κώπης ἄναξ, A.Pers.379 ; “ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον ἀλλὰ δαπάνης” Th.1.83 ; “ὅπλα παραδοῦναι” Id.4.69 ; “ὅπλα ἀποβάλλειν” Ar.V.27, etc.
4. ὅπλα, = ὁπλῖται, men-at-arms, “πολλῶν μεθ᾽ ὅπλων” S.Ant.115 (lyr.): and freq. in Prose, ἐξέτασιν ὅπλων ποιεῖσθαι to have a muster of the men-at-arms, Th.4.74, etc.; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν ὅπλων στρατηγός, opp. ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως, Decr. ap. D.18.38, Decr.ib. 115 ; “χειροτονηθεὶς ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ. πρῶτος . . στρατηγός” IG22.682.44 (iii B. C.); “στρατηγεῖν ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ.” SIG697 E (Delph., ii B. C.), etc.
5. τὰ ὅ. the place of arms, camp, “ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅ.” Lys.13.12, cf.X.Cyr.7.2.5, etc.; “ἐκ τῶν ὅ. προϊέναι” Th.1.111, cf. 3.1.
6. Phrases : ἐνέδυνον (v.l. ἐνέδυντο) “τὰ ὅ.” Hdt.7.218, etc.; ἐν ὅπλοισι εἶναι or γενέσθαι to be in arms, under arms, Id.1.13, cf.E.Ba.303, Th.6.56 ; “ἐν ὄπλοισι [ἰππομ]άχεντας” Sapph.Supp.5.19 ; “ἐν ὅπλοις μάχεσθαι” Pl.Grg.456d ; “ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάχη” Id.Lg.833e ; ποιῆσαι ἐξέτασιν ἐν ὅπλοις Decr. ap. Arist.Ath.31.2 ; “εἰς τὰ ὅ. παραγγέλλειν” X.An.1.5.13 ; ἐφ᾽ ὅπλοις or παρ᾽ ὅπλοις ἧσθαι, E.Supp.674,357 ; “μένειν ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅπλοις” X.Cyr.7.2.8 ; for ὅπλα ῥίπτειν, ἀφιέναι, κατατίθεσθαι, v. sub vocc. ; for ὅπλα τίθεσθαι, v. τίθημι.
IV. of the arms possessed by animals for self-defence, “[τὸν ἄνθρωπον] οὐκ ἔχοντα ὅπλον πρὸς τὴν ἀλκήν” Arist.PA687a25, cf. b4, al.
V. membrum virile, Nic.Fr.74.30, APl.4.242 (Eryc.), Hsch.
VI. a gymnastic exercise, the last which came on in the games, Artem.1.63.
