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προτερ-έω (irreg. augm. προετέρουν, προετέρησα, PSI4.422.34 (iii B.C.), D.S.11.73, 15.53, al.),
A.to be before, be in advance, Hdt.9.57; π. τῆς ὁδοῦ to be forward on the way, ib.66.
2. of Time, to be beforehand with, get the start of, precede, opp. “ὑστερέω, π. τῇ γενέσει τί τινοςArist.GA741b35, cf. 775a26; “ ὄψις π. τῆς ἀκοῆςId.Mete.369b9; “π. ἀστραπὴ βροντῆςEpicur. Ep.2p.46U.; of abnormally precocious animals, Arist.HA544b21; π. τοῖς χρόνοις to be earlier in date, D.S.3.52, etc.; of plants, to be early, opp. ὑστερέω, Thphr.CP3.24.2; π. εἰς τὴν φθοράν perish first, ib.4.2.1; of constellations, “π. ἐν ταῖς ἀνατολαῖς τῶν κατ᾽ αὐτὰ δωδεκατημορίωνHipparch.2.4.4.
3. to be beforehand, take the lead, Th.1.33; οὐδὲν προτερήσετε you will gain no advantage, Philipp. ap. D.18.39; πατήρ μου προετέρει παρὰ πάντας τοὺς ἐκεῖ outstripped them all (as a farmer), PSIl.c.; of soldiers, to be superior, have the advantage, Plb. 11.14.4, al.; “κατὰ τὴν συμπλοκήνId.3.110.6; “ταῖς εὐκινησίαις ἐν τοῖς διωγμοῖςD.S.3.49; π. τῆς γνώμης carry one's motion, Id.15.53: c. gen., have the advantage over, τὰ κακὰ τῶν ἀνὰ μέσον π. Chrysipp.Stoic.3.188; “πλοῦτον -οῦντα πενίαςPhld.Rh.1.236 S.; “οὐδὲ τὸ παρὰ φύσιν π. τῆς φύσεωςSallust.17 (cj. for πρότερον ἔχει):—Pass., to be defeated, “ἐπροτερήθης διὰ τοῦ δικαστηρίουIG5(2).443.35 (Megalopolis).
II. c. acc., go beyond, surpass, “στοργᾷ φύσιν ἐπροτέρησενIPE2.299.9 (Panticapaeum).
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