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ἐφίημι , Ion. ἐπ-, Dor. 3sg.
A.“ἐφίητι” Pi.I.2.9, Ion. 3pl. “ἐπιεῖσι” Hdt.4.30: fut. “ἐφήσω” Od. 13.376: aor. 1 ind. ἐφῆκα, Ep. “ἐφέηκα” 9.38, lon. “ἐπῆκα” Hdt.5.63; in other moods aor. 2 forms were used, imper. “ἔφες” Il.5.174; Ep. subj. “ἐφείω” 1.567, 2sg. “ἐφῇς” S.El.554, opt. “ἐφείην” Il.18.124; Ion. inf. “ἐπειναι” Hdt.2.100; part. “ἐφείς” S.Aj.495 (v.l.), etc.:—Med., pres. inf. “ἐφίεσθαι” Antipho 5.79; part. “ἐφιέμενος” Od.13.7: fut. “ἐφήσομαι” Il.23.82: aor. 2 “ἐφεῖτο” S.Ph.619:—Pass., pf. ἐφέωται and “ἐφεῖται” Hsch.: [ἐφι^ημι Ep., ἐφι_ημι Att.; yet Hom. always uses ἐφιείς, ἐφίει, ἐφι_έμενος with [ι_], exc. “ἐφι^ει” Od.24.180]:—send to one, “Πριάμῳ . . Ἶριν ἐφήσω” Il.24.117; μ᾽ ἐφέηκε . . καλέειν sent me to call, A.R.1.712.
2. in Hom., c. inf., set on, incite to do, “ἠλεός, ὅς τ᾽ ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ μάλ᾽ ἀεῖσαι” Od.14.464; so ἐ. τινὰ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι, χαλεπῆναι, στοναχῆσαι, Il.1.518, 18.108,124.
3. of things, throw or launch at one, “ὅς τοι πρῶτος ἐφῆκε βέλος” 16.812; “ἄλλοις ἐφίει βέλεα” Od.24.180, etc.; [ἔγχος], μελίην, Il.20.346, 21.170; “οἰστὸν ἐπί τινι” E.Med.632 (lyr.); ἐ. χεῖράς τινι to lay hands on him, “μνηστῆρσιν ἀναιδέσι χεῖρας ἐφήσω” Od.20.39, cf.Il.1.567, etc.
4. of events, destinies, etc., send upon one, “τοῖσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφῆκε” 4.396, etc.; “Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδε᾽ ἐφῆκεν” 1.445, cf. 21.524; “μνηστήρεσσιν ἄεθλον τοῦτον ἐφήσω” Od. 19.576; νόστον . . , ὅν μοι Ζεὺς ἐφέηκε which he hath laid upon me, 9.38; so “πάντ᾽ ἐφήσω μόρον” A.Eu.502 (lyr.); “τέκνοις ἀρὰς ἐ.” Id.Th.786 (lyr.).
5. send against, in hostile sense, “τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τὴν ἵππον” Hdt.5.63; “τὴν ἵππον ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας” Id.9.49; “ἡνίοχοι ἐφίεσαν ὠκέας ἵππους” Hes.Sc.307; “στρατὸν ἐς πεδία” E.Heracl.393.
6. let in, freq. of water, “ἐπεῖναι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν χώρην” Hdt.7.130, cf. 2.100; “τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὴν ἔσοδον” Id.7.176; also “ἐ. ἀκτῖνα Θήβαισι” E.Ph.5; “ἀγέλας ἐπὶ τὰ χωρία” X.Cyr.1.1.2; ἄγαν ἐφῆκας γλώσσαν did'st let loose, E. Andr.954; “ὀργήν τινι ἐ.” Pl.Lg.731d.
7. throw into, “ἐς λέβητ᾽ ἐφῆκεν ἕψεσθαι μέλη” E.Cyc.404.
II. let go, loosen, esp. the rein, “ἐ. καὶ χαλάσαι τὰς ἡνίας τοῖς λόγοις” Pl.Prt.338a; οὐρία ἐφέντα (abs.) ibid.; πᾶσαν ἐφεὶς ὀθόνην [τῷ ἀνέμῳ] AP10.1 (Leon.), cf.A.R.2.934.
b. give up, yield, “τινὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν” Th.1.95; “πάντ᾽ ἐφέντες ἡδονήν” E.Fr. 564; allow, “τἆλλα τοῖς δούλοις” Arist.Pol.1264a21.
c. c. inf., permit, allow, “τινὶ ὀνειδίσαι” Hdt.1.90, cf.3.113; “σοί γ᾽ ἐφῆκα πᾶν λέγειν” S.El. 631; ἢν ἐφῇς μοι (sc. λέγειν) ib.554, cf. 556,649: c. acc. et inf., “τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐ. διώκειν” X.Cyr.4.2.24 (v.l. for ἀφ-):—Pass., ἐφεθήσεταί τινι c. inf., Luc.Pr.Im.24.
d. command, Pi.I.2.9 (v.infr.B).
2. give up, leave as a prey, “ἐφῆκεν ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν” S.Aj.1297, cf. 495 (v.l.); “τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἐ. τοῖς στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι” D.S.14.75; intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν), give oneself up to, “ἰσχυρῷ γέλωτι” Pl.R.388e; [παιδιᾷ] Id.Ti.59c.
III. put the male to the female, “ἐπῆκε ὀχεῦσαι τὸν ἵππον” Hdt.3.85, cf. 4.30, Arist.HA630b33.
IV. as law-term, leave to another to decide, refer, “δίκας ἐ. εἴς τινας” D.40.31; εἰς δικαστήριον ibid.; ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον refer him to . . , Id.34.21; (sc. ἑαυτόν) appeal, “εἰς τοὺς δικαστάς” Id.29.59; “ἐπί τινα” Luc.Bis Acc.4; “εἰς ἕτερον δικαστήριον” Id.Herm.30; “ἀπό τινος” D.C.64.2: abs., Id.37.27.
B. Med., lay one's command or behest upon, “ὑμέων δ᾽ ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε εἴρω” Od.13.7, cf. Il.23.82, 24.300; “ἐπιστολὰς ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο” A.Pr.4; πρός τι τοῦτ᾽ ἐφίεσαι; S.OT766: c. inf., “ἐ. τινὶ ἀγγεῖλαι” Id.El.1111, cf. Ar.V.242; χαίρειν τἀλλ᾽ ἐγώ σ᾽ ἐ. I bid thec have thy will, S.Aj.112, cf. A.Ch.1039: abs., “ὡς ἐφίεσαι” Id.Pers.228 (troch.), cf.E.IT1483; ἐ. ἐς Λακεδαίμονα send or ders to . . , Th.4.108.
2. allow or permit one to do, “κάρα τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι” S.Ph.619; f.l. for ὑφ- in X.An.6.6.31, etc.
II. c. gen., aim at, καλῶν lsoc.2.25; “ἀγαθοῦ τινος” Arist.EN1094a2, etc.; in fighting, τῶν προσώπων, τῶν ὅψεων, Plu.Pomp.71, Caes.45.
2. long for, desire, τί μοι τῶν δυσφόρων ἐφίῃ; S.El.143 (lyr.); τί . . ἐφίεσαι φιλοτιμίας; E.Ph.531; “τῶν ἀλλοτρίων” Antipho 5.79; τῶν κερδῶν, ἀρχῆς, Th.1.8,128; “τῶν ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἀγαθῶν” Id.4.61; “ἰσότητος” Arist.Pol.1302a25: c. gen. pers., X.Mem.4.1.2: c. inf., “ὧν . . σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι ἄκουσον” S.Ph.1315; “ἐ. ἄρξειν” Th.6.6 codd. (leg. ἄρξαι): c. acc. et inf., S.OT1055.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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