A.“ἔλσα” Il.11.413, inf. “ἐέλσαι” 21.295, Dor. part. “ἔλσαις” Pi.O.10(11).43:—Med., aor. “ἠλσάμην” Semon.17:—Pass., aor. 2 ἐάλην [α^] Il.13.408; inf. ἀλῆναι, ἀλήμεναι, 16.714, 18.76; part. ἀλείς, εῖσα, έν 22.308: pf. ἔελμαι, part. -“μένος” 13.524:—for ἐόλει, ἐόλητο, v. ἐόλει.—From “εἰλέω” Il.2.294: impf. “εἴλεον” Od.22.460; contr. “εἴλει” Il.8.215, Od.12.210; “ἐείλεον” Il.18.447: fut. “εἰλήσω” LXX Jb.40.21(26), AP12.208 (Strat.): aor. “εἴλησα” LXX 4 Ki.2.8, Dsc.5.87 (ἐν-):—Med., impf. “εἰλεῦντο” Il.21.8; part. “εἰλεύμενος” Hdt.2.76:—Pass., aor. “εἰλήθην” Hp.Morb.4.52: pf. “εἴλημαι” LXX 1 Ki.21.9(10) and Is.11.5 (s. v. l.), Lyc. 1202: plpf. “εἴληντο” J.AJ 12.1.9.
A. shut in (less freq. shut out, εἰλέσθων τοῦ ἱαροῦ let them be shut out from the temple, IG22.1126.48 (iv B.C.)); [Ὀδυσῆα] ἔλσαν ἐν μέσσοισι μετὰ σφίσι, πῆμα δὲ ἔλσαν (Zenod., v.l. πῆμα τιθέντες) Il.11.413; “ὅτε Κύκλωψ εἴλει ἐνὶ σπῆϊ” Od.12.210, cf. 22.460; “ἔνθα δυώδεκα μὲν μένον ἤματα δῖοι Ἀχαιοί: εἴλει γὰρ Βορέης ἄνεμος μέγας οὐδ᾽ ἐπὶ γαίῃ εἴα ἵστασθαι” Od.19.200; “ὅν περ ἄελλαι χειμέριαι εἰλέωσιν” Il.2.294; “εἱλεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ τόπῳ, μὴ δυνάμενον ἐκπλεῦσαι” Arist.Mir. 840a33, cf. EM298.29; εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν (for ἄλησαν) Il.22.12; “κατὰ ἄστυ ἐέλμεθα” 24.662; “ἐελμένοι ἔνδοθι πύργων” 18.287; “νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐελμένοι” 12.38; χειμέριον ἀλὲν ὕδωρ ponded water, prevented from flowing away, Il.23.420; ὅσοι πικροὶ . . χυμοὶ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα πλανηθέντες ἔξω μὲν μὴ λάβωσιν ἀναπνοήν, ἐντὸς δὲ εἱλλόμενοι (v.l. εἰλόμενοι) τὴν ἀφ᾽ αὑτῶν ἀτμίδα τῇ τῆς ψυχῆς φορᾷ συμμείξαντες ἀνακερασθῶσι, Pl.Ti.86e.
2. hinder, hold in check, prevent, “ἧστο Διὸς βουλῇσιν ἐελμένος” Il.13.524, cf. A.Fr.25: ἔλλοψ (as though ἴλλοψ) is derived from ἴλλεσθαι = εἴργεσθαι and ὄψ = φωνή by Ath.7.308c.
3. enclose, cover, protect, “ὑπ᾽ ἀσπίδος ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἔλσας” Callin.1.11; τῇ ὕπο (sc. τῇ ἀσπίδι) πᾶς ἐάλη he was entirely covered, Il.13.408.
B. press, as olives and grapes, Paus.Gr.Fr.155; ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος . . εἰλόμενοι huddling around him, Il.5.782; ἵππων φειδόμενος, μή μοι δευοίατο φορβῆς ἀνδρῶν, εἰλομένων, εἰωθότες ἔδμεναι ἄδην here where men throng, ib. 203; “πλῆθεν . . ἵππων τε καὶ ἀνδρῶν εἰλομένων: εἴλει δὲ . . Ἕκτωρ” 8.215, cf. 1.409, 18.447, 21.295; πόλις δ᾽ ἔμπλητο ἀλέντων ib.607; ἐς ποταμὸν εἰλεῦντο they were forced into the river, ib.8; εἱλουμένης τῆς τροφῆς the nourishment being concentrated, Thphr.CP6.11.8; “θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῦντα” Od.11.573; [λέων] ἰλλόμενός περ ὁμίλῳ hard-pressed, A.R.2.27; “ἀπωθούμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ περιεστῶτος ἔξωθεν πνεύματος πάλιν ἐντὸς ὑπὸ τὸ δέρμα εἱλλόμενον κατερριζοῦτο” Pl.Ti.76b:—Pass., of crowds, swarm, jostle one another, “ἐν ὀλίγῳ εἰλουμένους” Plu.Crass.25; of ants, Luc.Icar.19.
2. in aor. Pass., of a man or animal, contract his body, draw himself together, “Αἰνείας δ᾽ ἐάλη καὶ ἀπὸ ἕθεν ἀσπίδ᾽ ἀνέσχεν” Il.20.278; ἐνὶ δίφρῳ ἧστο ἀλείς (huddled up), “ἐκ γὰρ πλήγη φρένας” 16.403; of a lion when struck, “ἐάλη τε χανών” 20.168; of a warrior, “Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν” 21.571; “οἴμησεν δὲ ἀλεὶς ὥς τ᾽ αἰετὸς ὑψιπετήεις” 22.308, Od. 24.538.
II. without the idea of pressure, collect, “ἐν Πίσᾳ ἔλσαις στρατὸν λείαν τε πᾶσαν” Pi.O.10(11).43:—Pass., Ἀργείονς ἐκέλευσα ἀλήμεναι ἐνθάδε πάντας to assemble, Il.5.823.
C. (found only in the forms εἰλέω (εἱλ-), ἴλλω) wind, turn round, “σκολιήν τε καὶ οὐ μίαν ἀτραπὸν ἴλλων” Nic.Th.478; ἀπὸ δὲ τῶ[ν πετρῶν] ἴλλει ἡ στεφάνη ἐπὶ τὸν λόφον GDIiv p.847 (iv B.C.); “νῆα δ᾽ ἔπειτα πέριξ εἴλει ῥόος” A.R.2.571; roll, γλῶσσαν dub.in Call.Iamb.1.144:— Pass., revolve, move to and fro, “ἰλλομένων ἀρότρων” S.Ant.340 (lyr.); “οἱ ἀστέρες ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ εἰλέονται” Luc.Astr.29; περὶ τὴν γῆν ἀεὶ εἱλεῖν ἰών, as etym. of ἥλιος (ἀέλιος), Pl.Cra.409a; εἰλέονται ἐπὶ τὸ ὑγιὲς σκέλος they pivot or swing round on the sound leg, Hp.Art.52, cf. Mochl.20; of a flame, “περὶ δ᾽ αὐτὸν εἰλεῖτο φλόξ” Mosch.4.104; κατ᾽ αὐτὸν (sc. τὸν κισσὸν) ἕλιξ εἰλεῖται is twined round, Theoc.1.31; “δαίμων ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ παντὸς εἱλουμένη” Herm. ap. Stob.1.3.52; also of hair on the crown, to be whorled, Ruf.Onom.13.
II. roll up tight, [“κῶας] εἴλει ἀφασσόμενος” A.R.4.181; “τὴν μηλωτὴν εἱλήσας” LXX 4 Ki. 2.8:—Pass., ἰλλομένοις ἐπὶ λαίφεσι furled, A.R.1.329.
III. metaph. in Pass., ἐν ποσὶ εἱλεῖσθαι to be familiar, Hdt. 2.76; “οἱ περὶ τὰς δίκας εἱλούμενοι” Max.Tyr.28.3, cf. Alciphr.3.60,64.
D. It seems impossible to derive all the above uses from an orig. sense squeeze, though most of those under A and B, as well as C. II, might be so explained; but A seems to imply a root meaning bar, cf. ἀποϝηλέω, ἐγϝηληθίωντι, ϝήλημα (βήλημα), εἶλαρ, and C is to be compared with εἰλύω, Lat. volvo: some passages are doubtful in meaning, μή νυν περὶ σαυτὸν εἶλλε τὴν γνώμην ἀεί do not roll or wrap your thought round you, or do not confine your thought within you, Ar.Nu.761; γῆν . . ἰλλομένην (v.l. εἱλλ-, εἰλλ-)“ τὴν περὶ τὸν διὰ παντὸς πόλον τεταμένον” Pl.Ti.40b was taken to mean revolving by Arist.Cael.293b31 (cf. “περὶ τὸ μέσον εἱλεῖσθαι” Mete.356a5) but expld. (omitting τήν) as packed tightly about . . by Procl.in Ti.3.136 D.; ἐν δὲ τῇ ταραχῇ (in the churning) εὐρυχωρίης γινομένης, εἰλέεται (sc. τὸ ὑγρόν) ἀποκεκριμένον καὶ θερμαίνει τὸ σῶμα perh. is squeezed out, Hp. Morb.4.51; πρὶν δὲ ταραχθῆναι οὐκ ἔχει ἐκχωρέειν τὸ πλεῖον τοῦ ὑγροῦ, ἀλλ᾽ ἄνω καὶ κάτω εἰλέεται μεμιγμένον τῷ ἄλλῳ ὑγρῷ is driven up and down, ibid.:—νῆα κεραυνῷ Ζεὺς ἔλσας (“ἐλάσας” Zenod.) ἐκέασσε prob. striking the ship . ., Od.5.132, cf. 7.250 (only here in this sense).