I.to press or squeeze out, to force out (class.).
I. Lit.: “oleum ex malobathro,” Plin. 12, 26, 59, § 129: “sucum expresso semini,” id. 20, 1, 2, § 3: “sucum flore,” id. 21, 19, 74, § 127: “sucum radici,” id. 27, 13, 109, § 136; cf.: vinum palmis, oleum sesamae (dat.), id. 6, 28, 32, § 161: “oleum amygdalis,” id. 13, 1, 2, § 8: “sudorem de corpore,” Lucr. 5, 487: “lacrimulam oculos terendo,” Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 23: “si nubium conflictu ardor expressus se emiserit, id esse fulmen,” Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44: “liquorem per densa foramina (cribri),” Ov. M. 12, 438; cf.: “aquam in altum,” Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39: “aquam in altitudinem,” Vitr. 8, 7: “quantum has (turres) quotidianus agger expresserat,” had carried up, raised, Caes. B. G. 7, 22, 4 Oud.: “pecuniam alicui,” Suet. Oth. 5; id. Vesp. 4.—
B. Transf.
1. With an object denoting that out of which something is pressed or squeezed, to press, squeeze, wring: “spongiam ex oleo vel aceto,” Cels. 5, 24 med.: “lanam ex vino vel aceto,” Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 31; cf.: “Venus madidas exprimit imbre comas,” Ov. A. A. 3, 224: “spongiae expressae inter duas tabulas,” Plin. 31, 11, 47, § 128: “oleam,” id. 12, 27, 60, § 130: “folia rosae,” id. 21, 18, 73, § 122: “tuberculum,” id. 11, 11, 12, § 29.—
2. To form by pressure, to represent, form, model, portray, express (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; “freq. in the elder Pliny): (faber) et ungues exprimet et molles imitabitur aere capillos,” Hor. A. P. 33; cf.: “alicujus furorem ... verecundiae ruborem,” Plin. 34, 14, 40, § 140: “expressa in cera ex anulo imago,” Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54: “imaginem hominis gypso e facie ipsa,” Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153; cf.: “effigiem de signis,” id. ib.: “optime Herculem Delphis et Alexandrum, etc.,” id. 34, 8, 19, § 66 et saep.: “vestis stricta et singulos artus exprimens,” exhibiting, showing, Tac. G. 17: “pulcher aspectu sit athleta, cujus lacertos exercitatio expressit,” has well developed, made muscular, Quint. 8, 3, 10.
II. Trop.
A. To squeeze or wring out, to extort, wrest, elicit: lex, quam ex natura ipsa arripuimus, hausimus, expressimus, qs. pressed out, Cic. Mil. 4, 10: “utilitas expressit nomina rerum,” has imposed, Lucr. 5, 1029: cf.: “cum ab iis saepius quaereret, neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset,” Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 3: “expressa est Romanis necessitas obsides dandi,” Liv. 2, 13, 4: “confessionem concessi maris hosti,” id. 37, 31, 5: “confessionem cruciatu,” Suet. Galb. 10: “deditionem ultimā necessitate,” Liv. 8, 2, 6: “pecunia vi expressa et coacta,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 165: “tu si tuis blanditiis a Sicyoniis nummulorum aliquid expresseris,” Cic. Att. 1, 19, 9: “risum magis quam gemitum,” Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 7 et saep.—With ut: “expressi, ut conficere se tabulas negaret,” have constrained, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112: “expressit, ut polliceretur,” Curt. 6, 7. —
B. Transf. (acc. to I. B. 2.), to imitate, copy, represent, to portray, describe, express, esp. in words (cf. reddo): “cum magnitudine animi tum liberalitate vitam patris et consuetudinem expresserit,” i. e. imitated, Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4: “lex expressa ad naturam,” id. Leg. 2, 5, 13: “vitia imitatione ex aliquo expressa,” id. de Or. 3, 12, 47: “rem ante oculos ponit, cum exprimit omnia perspicue, ut res prope dicam manu tentari possit,” Auct. Her. 4, 40, 62; cf. id. ib. § “63: hanc speciem Pasiteles caelavit argento et noster expressit Archias versibus,” Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: “mores alicujus oratione,” id. de Or. 2, 43, 184: “multas nobis imagines fortissimorum virorum expressas scriptores Graeci et Latini reliquerunt,” id. Arch. 6, 14; cf. id. ib. 12, 30: “in Platonis libris omnibus fere Socrates exprimitur,” id. de Or. 3, 4, 15: Mithridaticum bellum magnum atque difficile totum ab hoc expressum est, depicted to the life, id. Arch. 9, 21; cf.: “ut Euryalum exprimat infans,” may resemble, Juv. 6, 81.—With rel.-clause as object: “diligenter, quae vis subjecta sit vocibus,” id. Fin. 2, 2, 6: “exprimere non possum, quanto sim gaudio affectus,” tell, express, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 2; Vell. 2, 124, 1: “verbis exprimere quid quis sentiat,” Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 7: “quod exprimere dicendo sensa possumus,” Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32: “mores in scriptis exprimere,” Suet. Vit. Ter. 4.—Of translating into another language, to render, translate: “si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,” Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. ib. 1, 44: κατάληψιν, verbum e verbo exprimentes comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2, 10, 31: “nec tamen exprimi verbum e verbo necesse erit,” id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; cf.: “verbum de verbo expressum extulit,” Ter. Ad. prol. 11: “fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae,” Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Plin. Ep. 4, 18, 1.—Of words, to pronounce, utter: “nolo exprimi litteras putidius nolo obscurari neglegentius,” with affected distinctness, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41: “verba,” Quint. 1, 2, 6; 9, 4, 10; 40 al.—Rarely of a personal object: “oratorem imitando effingere atque exprimere,” Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 90: “moderatorem rei publicae nostris libris diligenter expressimus,” id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, expressus , a, um, P. a., clearly exhibited, prominent, distinct, visible, manifest, clear, plain, express (syn. solidus, opp. adumbratus).
A. Lit.: “species deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi, nihil eminentis,” Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf.: “litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189: “corpora lacertis expressa,” powerful, muscular, Quint. 8 praef. § 19:“protinus omnibus membris, expressus infans,” fully formed, id. 2, 4, 6.—
B. Trop.
1. In gen.: “habuit Catilina permulta maximarum non expressa signa, sed adumbrata virtutum,” Cic. Cael. 5, 12; cf.: “est gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,” id. Tusc. 3, 2, 3 (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 62, p. 723 sq.): “indicia solida et expressa,” id. Planc. 12; cf.: “veri juris germanaeque justitiae solida et expressa effigies,” id. Off. 3, 17, 69: “expressa sceleris vestigia,” id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62: “expressiora et illustriora,” id. Fam. 1, 7, 9; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 3; and: “quid expressius atque signatius in hanc causam?” Tert. Res. Carn. 3.—
2. Expressa carmina Battiadae, translated, Cat. 65, 16.—Of distinct pronunciation: “vitia oris emendet, ut expressa sint verba, ut suis quaeque litterae sonis enuntientur,” Quint. 1, 11, 4: “expressior sermo,” id. 1, 1, 37: “expressior loquacitas generi picarum est,” Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118. —In a bad sense, of a too emphatic, affected pronunciation: sonus erat dulcis: litterae neque expressae neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum esset aut putidum, Cic Off. 1, 37, 133.—Hence, adv.: expressē . *
1. Lit., with pressure, strongly: “artus expressius fricare,” Scrib. Comp. 198.—
2. Trop., expressly, distinctly, clearly: “conscripta exempla,” Auct. Her. 4, 7, 10: “quod ipsum expressius Hesiodus hoc versu significavit,” Col. 11, 1, 29.—Of pronunciation, distinctly: “ut ea (R littera) a nullo expressius efferretur,” Val. Max. 8, 7, 1 ext.
