Antigŏnus
（
Ἀντίγονος).
1.
King of Asia, surnamed the One-eyed (
Μονόφθαλμος or
Κύκλωψ), son of Philip of
Elymiotis, and father of Demetrius Poliorcetes by Stratonicé. He was one of the
generals of Alexander the Great, and in the division of the empire after the death of the
latter (B.C. 323) he received the provinces of the Greater Phrygia, Lycia, and Pamphylia. On
the death of the regent Antipater, in 319, he aspired to the sovereignty of Asia. In 316 he
defeated and put Eumenes to death, after a struggle of nearly three years. He afterwards
carried on war, with varying success, against Seleucus, Ptolemy, Cassander, and Lysimachus.
After the defeat of Ptolemy's fleet in 306, Antigonus assumed the title of king, and his
example was followed by Ptolemy, Lysimachus, and Seleucus. Antigonus and his son Demetrius
were at length defeated by Lysimachus at the decisive battle of Ipsus, in Phrygia, in 301.
Antigonus fell in the battle, in the eighty-first year of his age.
2.
Gonatas, son of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and
grandson of the preceding. He assumed the title of king of Macedonia after his father's death
in Asia in 283, but he did not obtain possession of the throne till 277. He was driven out of
his kingdom by Pyrrhus of Epirus in 273, but recovered it in the following year. He died in
239. He was succeeded by Demetrius II.
3.
Doson (so called because he was always about to
give but never did), son of Demetrius of Cyrené, and grandson of Demetrius
Poliorcetes. On the death of Demetrius II., in 229, he was left guardian of his son Philip,
but married the widow of Demetrius, and became king of Macedonia himself. He supported the
Achaean League against Cleomenes, king of Sparta, whom he defeated at Sellasia in 221, and
took Sparta. He died 220.
4.
A Greek of Carystus, who wrote (about B.C. 240) a summary of curious and interesting facts
and fictions regarding natural history. The work is extant in an abbreviated form, and is
valuable because of its numerous quotations from lost writings. Ed. by Westermann
(Brunswick, 1839). See
Köpke, De Antig. Carystio
(1862).
