(b) Future Conditions.
[*] 529.
（
Subjunctive.) When the relative
clause expresses a future condition of the more vivid form (like a
protasis of the form 444), and the verb of the antecedent clause also
refers to the future, the relative is joined with
ἄν (or
κέ) and takes the subjunctive. E.g.
Τάων ἥν κ᾽ ἐθέλωμι φίλην ποιήσομ᾽
ἄκοιτιν (like
εἴ κέ
τινα ἐθέλωμι),
whomsoever of these I
may wish I shall make my wife.
Il. ix. 397.
Ἐκ γὰρ Ὀρέσταο τίσις
ἔσσεται Ἀτρεΐδαο, ὁππότ᾽ ἂν ἡβήσῃ τε καὶ ἧς
ἱμείρεται αἴης, i.e.
vengeance will
come from Orestes, when he shall grow up, etc. (like
ἐάν ποτε ἡβήσῃ).
Od. i. 40.
Τότε δ᾽ αὖτε μαχήσεται,
ὁππότε κέν μιν θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀνώγῃ καὶ θεὸς
ὄρσῃ.
Il. ix. 702.
Ἀλλ᾽ ἄγεθ̓, ὡς ἂν ἐγὼν
εἴπω, πειθώμεθα πάντες,
let us
obey as I may direct, i.e.
if I give
any direction (
ἐάν πως
εἴπω),
let us obey it.
Il. ii. 139.
Ἡμεῖς αὖτ᾽ ἀλόχους τε φίλας
καὶ νήπια τέκνα ἄξομεν ἐν νήεσσιν, ἐπὴν πτολίεθρον
ἕλωμεν,
“when we shall have taken the city.”
Il. iv.
238.So
εὖτ᾽ ἂν
πίπτωσιν,
Il. i. 242.
Οὐκοῦν, ὅταν δὴ μὴ σθένω,
πεπαύσομαι,
therefore,
when I shall have no more strength, I will cease.
SOPH. Ant. 91.
Ταῦτα, ἐπειδὰν περὶ τοῦ
γένους εἴπω, τότε ἐρῶ,
I will
speak of this,
when I shall have spoken
about my birth. DEM. lvii. 16. (
See 90.)
Ἐπειδὰν διαπράξωμαι ἃ δέομαι, ἥξω.
XEN. An. ii.
3, 29.
Τίνα οἴεσθε αὐτὴν ψυχὴν
ἔξειν, ὅταν ἐμὲ ἴδῃ τῶν πατρῴων ἀπεστερημένον;
what feelings do you think she will
have,
when (or
if at any time)
she shall see
me, etc.?
DEM.
xxviii. 21.
Τούτων δὲ Ἀθηναίους φημὶ
δεῖν εἶναι πεντακοσίους, ἐξ ἧς ἄν τινος ὑμῖν ἡλικίας
καλῶς ἔχειν δοκῇ,
from whatever
age it shall seem good to you to take them (i.e.
if from any particular age, etc.)
Id. iv. 21.
Τῶν πραγμάτων τοὺς
βουλευομένους (
ἡγεῖσθαι δεῖ),
ἵνα
ἃ ἂν ἐκείνοις δοκῇ ταῦτα πράττηται,
“in order that whatever shall seem good to them
shall be done.”
Ib. 39.
Οὔ μοι φόβου μέλαθρον ἐλπὶς
ἐμπατεῖν, ἕως ἂν αἴθῃ τῦρ ἐφ᾽ ἑστίας ἐμῆς
Αἴγισθος,
“so long as Aegisthus shall kindle fire upon my
hearth.”
AESCH. Ag.
1434.
[*] 530.
The future indicative is very rarely used in conditional
relative clauses, as it is in common protasis
(447), in the place of the
subjunctive; as it would generally be ambiguous, appearing as if the
ante cedent were definite. Some cases of
ὅσος with the future, as
ὅσοι βουλήσονται,
THUC. i. 22, are
perhaps exceptions. (
See
527.)
[*] 531.
（
Optative.) When the relative
clause expresses a future condition of the less vivid form (like a
protasis of the form 455), and the antecedent clause contains an
optative referring to the future, the relative takes the optative
(without
ἄν).
The optative in the antecedent clause may be in an apodosis
with
ἄν, in a protasis, in
an expression of a wish, or in a final clause. E.g.
Μάλα κεν θρασυκάρδιος εἴη, ὃς τότε
γηθήσειεν ἰδὼν πόνον οὐδ᾽ ἀκάχοιτο (i.e.
εἴ τις γηθήσειε, μάλα κεν
θρασυκάρδιος εἴη),
any one who
should then rejoice would be very stout-hearted.
Il. xiii. 343.
Βουλοίμην κ᾽ ἐπάρουρος ἐὼν
θητευέμεν ἀλλῷ . . . ᾧ μὴ βίοτος πολὺς εἴη,
I should wish to be a serf attached to the
soil,
serving another man who had not
much to live on.
Od. xi. 489.
Ζηνὸς οὐκ ἂν ἆσσον ἱκοίμην,
ὅτε μὴ αὐτός γε κελεύοι,
“unless he should himself bid me.”
Il. xiv.
247. So
Il.
vi. 329 and
521; and
“
ὅστις καλέσειε,”
AR. Nub.
1250.
Οὐκ ἂν οὖν θρέψαις ἄνδρα,
ὅστις ἐθέλοι τε καὶ δύναιτο σοῦ ἀπερύκειν τοὺς
ἐπιχειροῦντας ἀδικεῖν σε;
would you not support any man who should be both
willing and able, etc.?
XEN. Mem. ii. 9, 2.
Πεινῶν φάγοι ἂν ὁπότε
βούλοιτο,
when he is hungry,
he would eat whenever he might wish
(like
εἴ ποτε βούλοιτο).
Ib. ii.
1,
Ib.
18.So i. 5,
Ib. 4; i. 7,
Ib. 3; iv. 2,
Ib. 20.
Πῶς οὖν ἂν εἰδείης περὶ
τούτου τοῦ πράγματος οὗ παντάπασιν ἄπειρος εἴης;
“ how then could you know about that thing of
which you had no experience at all?”
PLAT. Men. 92
C.
Ἆρ᾽ ἂν ἡγοῖο ταῦτα
σὰ εἶναι, ἅ σοι ἐξείη καὶ ἀποδόσθαι καὶ δοῦναι καὶ
θῦσαι ὅτῳ βούλοιο θεῶν;
Id. Euthyd.
302A.
Τί ἂν παθεῖν (
δύναιτο),
ὃ μὴ καὶ ὑφ᾽ αὑτοῦ πάθοι;
what could he suffer, unless he should suffer it
also from himself? (i.e.
εἰ μὴ πάθοι).
Lys. 214E.
Ὃ δὲ μὴ ἀγαπῴη, οὐδ᾽ ἂν
φιλοῖ (i.e
εἴ τι μὴ
ἀγαπῴη, οὐδ᾽ ἂν φιλοῖ τοῦτο).
Ib. 215B.
Ἰδίαν ἕκαστος ἂν κατασκευὴν
κατασκευάζοιτο, ἥτις ἕκαστον ἀρέσκοι.
Rep. 557B.
Ὅσῳ δὲ πρεσβύτερος γίγνοιτο,
μᾶλλον ἀεὶ ἀσπάζοιτο ἂν (
χρήματα),
the older
he should grow, the more he would always cling to it (i.e.
εἴ τι πρεσβύτερος γίγνοιτο,
τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον ἀσπάζοιτο ἄν).
Ib. 549 B.
So
412D.
Φήσομεν μηδέποτε μηδὲν ἂν
μεῖζον μηδὲ ἔλαττον γενέσθαι, ἕως ἴσον εἴη αὐτὸ
ἑαυτῷ,
“so long as it should remain equal to itself.”
Theaet.
155A.
Εἰ δὲ βούλοιο τῶν
φίλων τινὰ προτρέψασθαι ὁπότε ἀποδημοίης ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῶν
σῶν, τί ἂν ποιοίης;
XEN. Mem. ii. 3,
12.
Εἰκότως ἂν καὶ παρὰ θεῶν
πρακτικώτερος εἴη, ὅστις μὴ ὁπότε ἐν ἀπόροις εἴη τότε
κολακεύοι, ἀλλ᾽ ὅτε τὰ ἄριστα πράττοι τότε μάλιστα τῶν
θεῶν μεμνῷτο.
Id. Cyr. i.
6,
Id. Cyr.
3.
Ὡς ἀπόλοιτο καὶ ἄλλος, ὅ
τις τοιαῦτά γε ῥέζοι,
O that any
other man might likewise perish who should do the like (i.e.
εἴ τις τοιαῦτα
ῥέζοι).
Hom. Od. i. 47.
Εἰ γάρ μιν θανάτοιο
δυσηχέος ὧδε δυναίμην νόσφιν
ἀποκρύψαι, ὅτε μιν μόρος αἰνὸς ἱκάνοι.
Hom. Il. xviii.
464.
Δῶρα θεῶν ἔχοι, ὅττι
διδοῖεν,
may he have gifts of the
Gods,
whatever they may give.
Hom. Od. xviii.
142.
Ἐγίγνωσκε δεῖν τοὺς ὑπηρέτας
τοῦτο ἀσκεῖν, ὡς πάντα νομίζοιεν πρέπειν αὑτοῖς πράττειν
ὅσα ὁ ἄρχων προστάττοι.
XEN. Cyr. ii. 1, 31.
For
κέ or
ἄν in these relative
sentences in Homer,
see
542. All these examples fall also under the general rule for
assimilation
(558).
