[*] 847. When a circumstantial participle (832-846) belongs to a substantive which is not grammatically connected with the main construction of the sentence, both the substantive and the participle generally stand in the genitive, in the construction called the genitive absolute. E.g.
- “Οὔ τις ἐμεῦ ζῶντος σοὶ βαρείας χεῖρας ἐποίσει,” “no one while I live shall lay heavy hands upon you.” Il. i. 88.
- “Ταῦτ᾽ ἐπράχθη Κόνωνος μὲν στρατηγοῦντος, Εὐαγόρου δὲ τοῦτο παρασχόντος καὶ τῆς δυνάμεως τὴν πλείστην παρασκευάσαντος” “these were accomplished while Conon was general, and after Evagoras had thus supplied him, etc.” ISOC. ix. 56.
- “Φοβοῦμαι μὴ, προσδεξαμένων τῶν νῦν ἀνθεστηκότων αὐτῷ καὶ μιᾷ γνώμῃ πάντων φιλιππισάντων, εἰς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἔλθωσιν ἀμφότεροι” DEM. xviii. 176 : see xix. 50 (present and perfect).
- “Ἀφίκετο δεῦρο τὸ πλοῖον, γνόντων τῶν Κεφαλλήνων ἀντιπράττοντος τούτου . . . καταπλεῖν” “the Cephallenians having determined to sail in, although this man opposed it.” Id. xxxii. 14.
- “Ἀθηναίων δὲ τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο παθόντων, διπλασίαν ἂν τὴν δύναμιν εἰκάζεσθαι ( οἶμαι ),” “i.e.if the Athenians should ever suffer this same thing, etc.” THUC. i. 10.
- “Ὅλης γὰρ τῆς πόλεως ἐπιτρεπομένης τῷ στρατηγῷ, μεγάλα τά τε ἀγαθὰ κατορθοῦντος αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ κακὰ διαμαρτάνοντος εἰκὸς γίγνεσθαι” XEN. Mem. iii. 1, 3.