Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 3
D. Spillan, A.M., M.D., Ed.

13. Independently of the general odium, one charge bore heavily on the accused; that Marcus Volscius Fictor, who some years before had been tribune of the people, had come forward as a witness: [2] “that not long after the pestilence had been in the city, he had fallen in with a party of young men rioting in the Suburra; that a scuffle arose there; and that his elder brother, not yet perfectly recovered from his illness, had fallen down almost dead, being struck with the fist by Caeso; that he was carried home between the hands of some persons, and that he considered that he died from that blow; and that it had not been permitted to him by the consuls of former years to follow up the matter.” [3] In consequence of Volscius vociferating these charges, the people became so excited, that Caeso was near being killed through the violence of the people. Virginius orders him to be seized and carried to prison. The patricians oppose force to force. Titus Quintius exclaims, “that a person for whom a day of trial for a capital offence has been appointed, and whose trial was now at hand, ought not to be outraged before trial and without sentence being passed.” [4] The tribune says, “that he would not inflict punishment¹ on him before condemnation, that he would however keep him in prison until the day of trial; [p. 175]that the Roman people may have an opportunity of inflicting punishment on one who had killed a man.” The tribunes being appealed to, secure their prerogative by adopting a middle course;² they forbid his being thrown into confinement, and [7] declare it to be their wish that the accused should appear on his trial, and that a sum of money should be promised to the people, in case he should not appear. How large a sum of money ought to be promised, came under discussion: that is referred to the senate. The accused was detained in the public assembly, until the patricians should be consulted: it was determined that he should give bail:³ each bail they bound to the amount of three thousand asses; how [8] many should be given, was left to the tribunes; they limited the number to ten; for ten sureties the prosecutor [9] discharged the accused. He was the first who gave public sureties. Being discharged from the forum, he went the following night into exile among the Etrurians. When on the day of trial it was pleaded that he had quitted his home in order to go into exile, Virginius notwithstanding holding the comitia, his colleagues when appealed to dismissed the assembly: the fine was rigorously exacted⁴ from the father; so [10??] that after selling all his effects, he lived for a considerable time in a solitary cottage on the other side of the Tiber, as if in exile. This trial and the proposing of the law gave full employment to the state: there was quiet from foreign arms.