CAMPONA
(Nagytétény) Hungary.
A Roman camp, 16 km S of Budapest, on the Danube. Mentioned by the
Antonine Itinerary (245.6), it was built at
the beginning of the 2d c. A.D. and stood till the end of
the 4th c. or the beginning of the 5th. The camp (178 x
200 m) had four gates, across from each other, with
two towers each (4 x 3.5 m); in addition it had square
inner towers and in the corners, in front of the inner
towers, huge, fan-shaped, protruding towers were built
between 322 and 333, after the devastation of the Sarmatian wars. The whole camp was surrounded by moats.
During excavations the porta praetoria was unearthed,
the porta principalis sinistra (preserved on site), the
porta decumana, the corner towers (two of these preserved
on site) and, in the center of the camp, some of the
buildings of the principia. The porta principalis sinistra
and dextra were blocked off by a huge, horseshoe-shaped
wall during the 4th c. The ruins of canabae were discovered around the camp. The cemetery was on the E side.
Numerous tombstones with inscriptions (now in the museum) and altar stones dedicated to Jupiter, Hercules,
Silvanus, Sol preserve the names of the inhabitants. More
than 10,000 coins are preserved in the Hungarian National Museum.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
I. Járdányi-Paulovics,
Nagytétényi kutatások (1957); F. Fülep, “A nagytétényi római tábor,”
Budapest müemlékei 2 (1962) 643-52
MPI.
F. FÜLEP
