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SPES, AEDES

a temple in the forum Holitorium, built and dedicated by A. Atilius Calatinus during the first Punic war (Cic. de leg. ii. 28; de nat. deor. ii. 61 (if Spes is to be read here instead of Fides) ; Tac. Ann. ii. 49; HJ 508-509; Rosch. iv. 1296). It was struck by lightning in 218 B.C. (Liv. xxi. 62. 4), burned in 213 and restored the following year by a special commission (Liv. xxv. 7. 6; cf. xxiv. 47. 15-16), and burned again in 31 (Cass. Dio 1. 10. 3:ναὸς ᾿Ελπίδος). Germanicus dedicated the temple in 17 A.D. (Tac. Ann. ii. 49), necessarily after a restoration, but it is altogether improbable that Augustus failed to repair the damage of 31 B.C., and it is to him that Frank (who identifies it with the southern temple) attributes the existing structure. In 179 B.C. M. Fulvius built a porticus post Spei a Tiberi ad aedem APOLLINIS MEDICI (q.v.)-so the editors: Frank prefers the MS. reading post Spei ad Tiberim, i.e. the temple of Spes near the Tiber (Liv. xl. 5 . 6; cf. DAP 2. vi. 246). The day of dedication was Ist August (Fast. Arv. Vall. Ant. ap. NS 1921, 104, ad Kal. Aug., CIL i². p. 214, 240, 248, 323; Praen. NS 1897, 421; EE ix. 740).

There is no further mention of this temple, but it is probably the middle and largest of the three of which the ruins now exist beneath the church of S. Nicola in Carcere and belong for the most part to the period of the republic. It was about 30 metres long and io wide, of the Ionic order, and amphiprostyle hexastyle. A lofty flight of steps, twelve or thirteen in number, led up to the pronaos, and in the middle of these steps was a long pedestal. Three of the fluted columns of travertine, 8.70 metres in height and 6.90 in diameter, are built into the facade, while portions of the cella wall and of other columns have been incorporated in other parts of the church (for the description of these remains and the literature, see Delbrueck, Die drei Tempel am forum Holitorium, Rome 1903; Hellenistische Bauten ii. 431; GOtt. Gel. Anz. 1904, 561-563; Mitt. 1906, 91 ; HJ 511-514; TF 126-130).

1 Here he accepts Wissowa's conclusions in G6tt. Gel. Anz. cit. and makes the Doric temple that of Juno Sospita instead of Janus (sic: for, as a fact, he had previously identified it as that of Spes). See IANUS IUNO SOSPITA, AEDES (1).

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