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Ζεύς , , nom. Il.1.175, al., once written
A.ΖηύςIG12(3).1313 (Thera), but Ζεύς ib.1316, al.; Boeot. Δεύς (q.v.); voc. “ΖεῦIl.1.503, etc.; gen. “ΔιϝόςBMus.Inscr.952 (Cephallenia, vi B.C.), “ΔιόςIl.1.63, etc.; dat. “ΔιϝίSchwyzer 80 (Argive, from Olympia, v B.C.), “ΔιίIl.1.578, al., IG12.80.12 (v B.C.), etc., contr. Δί [ι_] Pi.O.13.106, SIG9,35 (Elis, vi B.C., Syrac., v B.C., from Olympia); late “ΔεΐJHS32.167 (Pisidia), etc.; acc. Δία, rarer than Διός, Διί in Hom. (Il.1.394, al.), freq. later (cf. Skt. dyaús, gen. divás, loc. diví 'sky', 'heaven', 'day', loc. also dyávi,= Lat. Jove, acc. dyā´m,= Lat. diem,= Gr. Ζῆν (v. infr.)): also nom. Ζήν prob. in A.Supp.162 (lyr.); gen. dat. acc. Ζηνός, Ζηνί, Ζῆνα, Il.4.408, 2.49, 14.157, al., freq. in Trag. (Com. only in Trag. phrases); Coan “ΖηνίSIG1025.24 (iv/iii B.C.); acc. Ζῆν (“Ζῆν᾽Aristarch.) Il.8.206, 14.265, 24.331, Hes.Th.884, at end of verse, before vowel in next verse (stem Ζην- prob. originated in acc. sg.); Cret. Ττηνός, Ττηνί, GDI5024.23, 77, Τῆνα, Τηνί, ib.5039.11, 5145.12, “ΔῆναSIG527.17 (iii B.C.); nom. Δήν Hdn.Gr.2.911:—Dor. and Att.-Ion. forms with α (of doubtful origin), nom. Ζάν Pythag. ap. Porph.VP17, Ar.Av.570; gen. “ΖανόςSchwyzer 696 (Chios, iv B.C.), Cerc.1.7, Philox.3.10, IG5(1).407 (Sparta, ii A.D.); Ζανός and Ζανί, Lyr.Adesp. 82A, B (Ionic); acc. “ΖᾶναCall.Fr.10.6P., cf. Euhem.24J. (FGrH 63); nom. Ζάς Pherecyd.Syr.1, 2 (Ζής ap.Hdn.Gr. l.c.), “Ζάς ΖαντόςChoerob. in Theod.1.116; Δάν (q. v.); Τάν Head Hist.Num.2469 (Crete); nom. Δίς Rhinth.14, Hdn.Gr. l.c.:—obl. cases Ζεός, Ζεΐ, Ζέα, cited by S.E.M.1.177, 195; Ζεῦν f.l. for Ζῆν᾽ Aeschrio 8.5: the pl. Δίες, Δίας, Διῶν, Δισί, Ael.Dion.Fr.127; “τοὺς κτησίους ΔίαςAth. 11.473b; “Δίες καὶ ΖῆνεςStoic.2.191; Elean “ΖᾶνεςPaus.5.21.2:— Zeus, the sky-god, ὔει μὲν Z. Alc.34, cf. SIG93.34 (v B.C.), Thphr. Char.14.12, etc.; “Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοίIl.6.476; Ζεῦ καὶ πάντες θεοί, Ζεῦ καὶ θεοί, X.Cyr.2.2.10, Ar.Pl.1, etc.; “Ζεῦ ΖεῦA.Ch.246, Ar.V.323 (lyr., prob. l.); “ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ, τῆς λεπτότητος τῶν φρενῶνId.Nu.153; in oaths, οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα, twice in Hom., Il.23.43, Od.20.339: freq. in Com. and Prose, “οὐ μὰ ΔίαAr.V.193, Pl.R.426b (c.Art., “μὰ τὸν Δί᾽, οὐAr.V.169, al.); “ναὶ μὰ ΔίαId.Ach.88, X.Mem.2.7.14; νὴ τὸν Δία or νὴ Δία, Ar.V.217, Eq.319, etc.; cf. “νηδί; πρὸς τοῦ ΔιόςId.Av.130; “πρὸς ΔιόςX.An.5.7.32; οὐ τὸν Δία alone, Ar.Lys.986: prov. of enormous wealth, “τῷ Διὶ πλούτου πέρι ἐρίζεινHdt.5.49.
II. of other deities, Ζ. καταχθόνιος,= Πλούτων, Il.9.457; “Ζ. χθόνιοςS.OC1606, SIG1024.25 (Myconos, iii/ii B.C.); of non-Greek divinities, “Ζ. ἌμμωνPi.P. 4.16, etc.; freq. of Semitic Baalim, Z. Βεελβώσωρος, etc., OGI620 (Gerasa, i A.D.)), etc.; Z. Ὠρομάσδης,= Pers.Ahuramazda, ib.383.41 (Nemrud Dagh, i B.C.).
III. of persons, σχινοκέφαλος Z., iron. of Pericles, Cratin.71; in flattery of kings, Hdt.7.56 (of Xerxes); Ξέρξης τῶν Περσῶν Z. Gorg.Fr.5aD.; [“ἱερεὺς] Σελεύκου Διὸς ΝικάτοροςOGI245.10 (ii B.C.); of the Roman emperors, Opp.C.1.3; Νέρων Z. “ἘλευθέριοςIG7.2713.41 (Acraephiae), etc.; “Ζῆνα τὸν ΑἰνεάδηνAP9.307 (Phil.).
IV. Διὸς ἀστήρ the planet Jupiter, Pl.Epin. 987c, Arist.Mete.343b30, etc.; so “ΖεύςPlacit.2.32.1, Cleom.2.7; Διὸς ἡμέρα a day of the week, D.C.37.19.
V. Pythag. name for the monad, Theol.Ar.12.
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