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ἀμύνω [υ_], Ep. impf.
A.“ἄμυ_νον” Il.15.731: fut. ἀμυ^νῶ, Ion. “-υ^νέω” Hdt. 9.60, 3pl. -εῦσι ib.6: aor. 1 ἤμυ_να, Ep. ἄμυνα [α^μ] Il.17.615: aor. 2, v. ἀμυνάθω:—Med., Ep. impf. ἀμυνόμην ib.13.514: fut. ἀμυνοῦμαι: aor. 1 ἠμυνάμην: aor. 2, v. ἀμυνάθω:—Pass. rare (v. infr. c):—keep off, ward off, Hom., mostly in Il.—Construction:
1. c.acc. of the person or thing to be kept off, c. dat. pers. for or from whom danger averted, Δαναοῖσιν λοιγὸν ἄμυνον ward off ruin from the Danai, Il. 1.456, cf. 341, Od.8.525:—dat. freq. omitted, “ὃς λοιγὸν ἀμύνει” Il.5.603; “ἄ. τὸν βάρβαρον” Pl.Lg.692e, cf.AB79. b. c. dat. only, defend, aid, succour, ἀ. ὤρεσσι, σοῖσιν ἔτῃσι, Il.5.486, 6.262, cf. Od.11.500, Hdt.8.87, 9.6, etc.; τοιαῦτ᾽ ἀμύνεθ᾽ Ἡρακλεῖ such aid ye give to H., E.HF219; ἀ. τῇ πόλει, τῷ δήμῳ, Ar.Eq.577,790; “τῷ νόμῳ” E.Or.523, Th.3.67:—with inf. added, τοῖς μὲν οὐκ ἠμύνατε σωθῆναι so that they might be saved, Th.6.80.
2. c. acc. et gen., Τρῶας ἄμυνε νεῶν he kept the Trojans off from the ships, Il.15.731, cf.4.11, 12.402. b. c. gen. only, ἀ. νηῶν defend the ships, ib.13.109.
3. abs., succour, χεῖρες ἀμύνειν hands to aid, ib.814; ἀμύνειν εἰσὶ καὶ ἄλλοι ib.312; “ὦ ξυνδικασταί . . ἀμύνατε” help! Ar.V.197; “τὰ ἀμυνεῦντα” means of defence, Hdt.3.155: c. dat. modi, δθένει ἀ. defend with might, Il.13.678.
4. with Preps., once in Hom. with περί, ἀμυνέμεναι περὶ Πατρόκλοιο (cf. B.1.3) ib.17.182; in Prose, “ἀ. ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος” Pl.Lg.692d; “ἀ. πρὸ πάντων” Plb.6.6.8.
II. less freq. like B. 11, requite, repay, “ἔργ᾽ ἀμύνουσιν κακά” S.Ph.602; “ἀμύνειν . . τοῖσδε τοῖς λόγοις τάδε” Id.OC 1128.
B. Med., keep or ward off from oneself, guard or defend oneself against, freq. with collat. notion of requital, revenge:
1. c. acc. rei, “ἀμύνετο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ” Il.13.514; “ἀμύνεσθαι μόρον” A.Ag.1381; “τὸ δυστυχὲς γὰρ ηὑγένει᾽ ἀμύνεται” E.Heracl.303, cf. S.Fr.1004. b. c.acc. pers., “ἀ. τὴν Δαρείου στρατιήν” Hdt.3.158; “ἐκεῖνον ἠμύναντο” S.Fr. 589.
2. that from which danger is warded off in gen., as in Act.1.2, “ἀμυνόμενοι σφῶν αὐτῶν” Il.12.155; νηῶν ἠμύνοντο ib.179.
3. with Preps., ἀμύνεσθαι περὶ πάτρης ib.243; “περὶ τῶν οἰκείων” Th.2.39; “ὑπέρ τινος” X.Cyn.9.9.
4. abs., defend oneself, act in self-defence, “ἀμύνεσθαι φίλον ἔστω” Il.16.556; “ἢν συλλαμβανόμενος ἀμύνηται” Hdt.1.80, cf. 4.174,al.; “ἀλλ᾽ ἀμύνου” Ar.Eq.244; “τοῦ ἄρξαντος καὶ οὐ τοῦ ἀμυνομένου” Antipho44.8; “οὐδ᾽ ἀμυνόμενος ἀλλ᾽ ὑπάρχων” Isoc.16.44, cf. Pl.Grg. 456e; “κακῶς πάσχοντα ἀ. ἀντιδρῶντα κακῶς” Pl.Cri.49d; “ἂν ᾖ χαρίεις, ἀ. εὖ δρῶν” Arist.EN1162b10.
II. after Hom., ἀ. τινά avenge oneself on an enemy: hence, requite, repay, Ar.Nu.1428, etc.: freq. c. dat. instr., “ἔργοις πεπονθὼς ῥήμασίν σ᾽ ἀμύνομαι” S.OC873; “ἀ. τινὰ σιδήρῳ” Antipho 4.2.2; τοῖς ὁμοίοις, ἀρετῇ, Th.1.42, 4.63; “ὠμότητα ὠμότητι” D.S.14.53; ἀ. τινὰς ὑπέρ τινος to punish for a thing, Th.5.69; good sense, Simon.229; “ἀ. ὁμοίως εὖ παθόντα, ὥσπερ κακῶς” Socr. ap. Arist.Rh.1398a25: abs., retaliate, c. dat. instr., “ταῖς ναυσίν” Th.1.142; “ἀ. ὧν ἔπαθον” 1.96.
C. very rarely Pass., “ἀμύνονται ἆται” are warded off, Pi.P.11.54; “ἀμυνέσθω” let him be driven away, Pl.Lg.845c.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (59):
    • Antiphon, Third Tetralogy, 2.2
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    • Isocrates, On the team of horses, 44
    • Plato, Laws, 692e
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    • Homer, Odyssey, 11.500
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 1004
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 589
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 1.2
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1381
    • Polybius, Histories, 6.6.8
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