A.“ᾕρεον” Il.24.579, Ion. “αἵρεον” Hdt.6.31, but contr. ᾕρει even in Il.17.463, “ᾕρευν” Hes.Sc.302: fut. “αἱρήσω” Il.9.28, etc.: aor. 1 ᾕρησα late (ἀν-) Q.S.4.40, etc.: pf. “ᾕρηκα” A.Ag.267, Th.1.61, etc., Ion. ἀραίρηκα or αἵρηκα （ἀν-) Hdt.5.102: plpf. “ἀραιρήκεε” 3.39:—Med., fut. “αἱρήσομαι” Il.10.235, etc.: aor. 1 “ᾑρησάμην” Plb.38.13.7 s. v.l., Gal.19.53, etc.: pf. in med. sense “ᾕρημαι” Ar.Av.1577, X.An.5.6.12, D.2.15, etc.: 3pl. plpf. “ᾕρηντο” Th.1.62:—Pass., fut. “αἱρεθήσομαι” Hdt. 2.13, Pl.Mx.234b; rarely “ᾑρήσομαι” Id.Prt.338c: aor. ᾑρέθην and pf. “ᾕρημαι” D.20.146, al.; pf. part. “ἀραιρημένος” Hdt.4.66: plqf. “ᾕρηντο” X. An.3.2.1, “ἀραίρητο” Hdt.1.191, etc.—From [root ]ἑλ-: fut. ἑλῶ only late (δι-) Test.Epict.6.18, (ἀν-) D.H.11.18, (καθ-) APl.4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.1 εἷλα （ἀν-) Act.Ap.2.23, (ἀν-) Epigr.Gr.314.24 (Smyrna): elsewh.aor.2 “εἷλον” Il.10.561, etc., Ep. “ἕλον” 17.321, Ion. “ἕλεσκε” 24.752:— Med., fut. “ἑλοῦμαι” D.H.4.75, (ἀφ-) Timostr.5, (δι-) D.H.4.60, (ἐξ-) Alciphr.1.9: aor. 1 “εἱλάμην” Epigr.Gr.314.5 (Smyrna), (ἀφ-) v.l. in Ath.12.546a, (δι-) AP9.56 (Phil.): elsewh. aor. 2 “εἱλόμην” Il.16.139, etc., 2sg. “ἤλεο” Sapph.Oxy.1787.6.3:—Cret. forms “αἰλεθῇ” Leg.Gort. 2.21, ἀν-αιλῆθαι ib.7.10, al.:—the etym. is doubtful, and ἀγρέω (q.v.) prob. has a difft. root.
A. Act., take with the hand, grasp, seize, “αἱ. τι ἐν χερσίν” Od.4.66; αἱ. τινὰ χειρός to take one by the hand, Il.1.323; κόμης τινά ib.197; “μ᾽ ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν” Od.23.76: part.ἑλών adverbially, “κατακτεῖναί μ᾽ ἑλών” S.Ant.497; “ἄξω ἑλών” Il.1.139, cf. Pi.O.7.1; but ἔνθεν ἑλών having taken up [the song], Od.8.500.
II. take, get into one's power, νῆας ib.13.42; esp. take a city, 2.37, S.Ph.347, etc.; overpower, kill, Il.4.457, etc.; “ἕλοιμί κεν ἤ κε ἁλοίην” 22.253:—freq. of passions, etc., come upon, seize, “χόλος” Il.18.322; “ἵμερος” 3.446; “ὕπνος” 10.193; “λήθη” 2.34, etc.: c. dupl.acc., “τὸν δ᾽ ἄτη φρένας εἷλε” 16.805; of disease, Pl.Tht.142b.
2. catch, take, “ζωὸν ἑλεῖν” Il.21.102; take in hunting, Hes.Sc.302, Hdt. 1.36, etc.; overtake, in a race, Il.23.345; get into one's power, entrap, S.OC764, etc.; in good sense, win over, X.Mem.2.3.16, cf. 3.11.11, Pl.Ly.205e, etc.
b. c. part., catch, detect one doing a thing, S. Ant.385,655; “ἐπ᾽ αὐτοφώρῳ ἑλεῖν” E.Ion1214; “φῶρα ἐπὶ κλοπῇ ἑλεῖν” Pl.Lg.874b.
3. generally, win, gain, “κῦδος” Il.17.321; “στεφάνους” Pi.P.3.74, etc.; esp. in games, “Ἴσθμι᾽ ἑλὼν πύξ” Simon.158; with double sense, overcome and win, “ἑλέτην δίφρον τε καὶ ἀνέρε” Il.11.328; “ἕλεν Οἰνομάου βίαν παρθένον τε σύνευνον” Pi.O.1.88, cf. S.Tr.353:— Pass., ἁγὼν ᾑρέθη the fight was won, S.OC1148.
4. as law-term, convict, “τινά τινος” Ar.Nu.591, Is.9.36, Aeschin.3.156; “εἷλέ σ᾽ ἡ Δίκη” E. Heracl.941, cf. Supp.608: c. part., αἱ. τινὰ κλέπτοντα to convict of theft, Ar.Eq.829, Pl.Lg.941d; ᾑρῆσθαι κλοπεύς (sc. ὤν) S.Ant.493, cf. 406.
b. αἱ. δίκην, γραφήν get a verdict for conviction, Antipho 2.1.5, etc.; also ἑλεῖν τινα obtain a conviction against one, Is.7.13; ἑλεῖν τὰ διαμαρτυρηθ έντα convict the evidence of falsehood, Isoc.18.15.
c. abs., get a conviction, οἱ ἑλόντες, opp. οἱ ἑαλωκότες, D.21.11; δολίοις ἕλε Κύπρις λόγοις Aphrodite won her cause . . , E.Andr.289, cf. Pl.Lg. 762b, etc.
5. ὁ λόγος αἱρέει reason or the reason of the thing proves, Hdt.2.33: c. acc. pers., reason persuades one, i.e. it seems good to one, Id.1.132, 7.41; ὡς ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱ. Hdt.2.43; “ὅπῃ ὁ λόγος αἱ. βέλτιστ᾽ ἂν ἔχειν” Pl.R.604c, cf. Lg.663d: c. inf., R.440b; “ὁ αἱρῶν λόγος” Chrysipp.Stoic.3.92; αἱρεῖ alone, proves, Plu.2.651b.
b. τὸ αἱροῦν the sum due, PRyl.167.25 (i A. D.); “τὰ αἱροῦντα [τάλαντα]” PGrenf.2.23.14 (ii B. C.), PRyl.88.19 (ii A. D.).
B. Med., with pf. ᾕρημαι (v. supr.), take for oneself, ἔγχος ἑλέσθαι take one's spear, Il.16.140, etc.; “ἐκ γαίας λίθον” A.Fr.199; δόρπον, δεῖπνον take one's supper, Il.7.370, 2.399; π<*>ειν δ᾽ οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι Od.11.584; Τρωσὶν . . ὅρκον ἑλ. obtain it from . . , Il.22.119; and so in most senses of the Act., with the reflexive force added.
II. take to oneself, choose, “ἕταρον” Il.10.235, cf. 9.139, Od.16.149, etc.; prefer, “τι πρό τινος” Hdt.1.87; “τι ἀντί τινος” X.An.1.7.3, D.2.15; “τί τινος” S.Ph.1101, cf. Theoc.11.49.
b. c. inf., prefer to do, Hdt. 1.11, etc.; “ἑλέσθαι μᾶλλον τεθνάναι” X.Mem.1.2.16, cf. Pl.Ap.38e; “μᾶλλον ἂν ἕλοιτό μ᾽ ἢ τοὺς πάντας Ἀργείους λαβεῖν” S.Ph.47: without μᾶλλον, Pi.N.10.59, Lys.2.62.
2. αἱ. τά τινων take another's part, join their party, Th.3.63, etc.; αἱ. γνώ<*>ην to adopt an opinion, Hdt.4.137.
3. choose by vote, elect to an office, αἱ. τινὰ δικαστήν, στρατηγόν, etc., Id.1.96, Eup.117, etc.; τινὰς ἀριστίνδην Lex ap.D.43.57; “αἱ. τινὰ ἐπ᾽ ἀρχήν” Pl.Men.90b; “αἱ. τινὰ ἄρχειν” Id.Ap.28e, cf. Il.2.127.
2. v. supr. A. 11.3.
II. Pass. to med. sense, to be chosen, in pf. “ᾕρημαι” A.Ag.1209, etc.; Ion. “ἀραίρημαι” Hdt.7.118, 172,173, al.; “στρατηγεῖν ᾑρημένος” X.Mem.3.2.1; ἐπ᾽ ἀρχῆς ᾑρῆσθαι ib.3.3.2; “ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἀρχήν” Pl.Lg.809a; τοῦ ἔτους . . ᾑρημένοι elected for the year . . , IGRom.3.1422 (Bithyn.):—aor. ᾑρέθην is always so used, A.Th.505, Ar.Av.799, Th.7.31, etc.; pres. rarely, αἱροῦνται πρεσβευταί are chosen, Arist.Pol.1299a19, cf. And.4.16.
