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αὐτός (Cret. ἀϝτός GDI4976, al.), αὐτή, αὐτό (also
A.αὐτόνLeg.Gort. 3.4, al.), reflexive Pron., self:—in oblique cases used for the personal Pron., him, her, it:—with Art., αὐτός, αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same.
I. self, myself, thyself, etc., acc. to the person of the Verb: freq. joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (v. infr. 10),
1. one's true self, the soul, not the body, Od.11.602; reversely, body, not soul, Il.1.4; oneself, as opp. others who are less prominent, as king to subject, 6.18; Zeus to other gods, 8.4; bird to young, 2.317; man to wife and children, Od.14.265; warrior to horses, Il.2.466, or to weapons, 1.47; shepherd to herd, Od.9.167, cf. Il.1.51; Trojans to allies, 11.220; seamen to ships, 7.338: generally, whole to parts, ib.474; so later “ σίδη καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ τὰ φύλλαThphr.HP4.10.7, cf. X.Ath.1.19, Pl.Grg. 511e, etc.; “αὐτή τε Μανδάνη καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσαX.Cyr.1.3.1; “αὐ. τε καὶ τὰ ποιήματα βουλόμενος ἐπιδεῖξαιPl.R.398a: abs., the Master, as in the Pythag. phrase Αὐτὸς ἔφα, Lat. Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος . . ;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Ar.Nu.218; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν ib.219; “ἀνοιγέτω τις δώματ᾽: Αὐτὸς ἔρχεταιthe Master, Id.Fr.268, cf. Pl.Prt.314d, Thphr.Char.2.4, Men.Sam.41: “αὐ. ἀϋτεῖTheoc.24.50: neut., αὐτὸ σημανεῖ the result will show, E.Ph.623; “αὐτὸ δηλώσειD.19.157; “αὐτὰ δηλοῖPl.Prt.329b; αὐτὸ διδάξει ib.324a; esp. “αὐτὸ δείξειCratin. 177, Pl.Hp.Ma.288b, cf. Tht.200e; in full, “τάχ᾽ αὐτὸ δείξει τοὔργονS.Fr.388; “τοὔργον τάχ᾽ αὐτὸ δείξειAr.Lys.375; redupl., “αὐτός θ᾽ χρήσας αὐτὸς ἦν μαρτυρῶνA.Eu.798; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under . . , Il.13.615; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Lys.12.12; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, X. An.4.7.7; “αὐτὸ μάλιστα ἔδει ῥηθῆναιPl.R.362d; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Th.2.3; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, X.Mem. 4.5.7; “αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα καὶ ἀναγκαῖαD.H.Th.23; even,οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ᾽ αὐτῆς ἙκάβηςIl.6.451; “εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν2.597.—In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the Art. and Subst., or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς υἱός or υἱὸς αὐτός. The Art. is sts. omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals, “αὐτὸς ΜένωνX.An.2.1.5; αὐτὸς βασιλεύς ib.1.7.11.
6. added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, Th.1.46, cf. 8.35, X.HG2.2.17, Apoc.17.11, etc.:—αὐτός always being the chief person.
8. καὶ αὐτός himself too, Od.7.73, 14.45, X.An.5.5.9, etc.
9. repeated in apodosi for emphasis, “αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν . . αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσενLys.12.68, cf. A.Fr.350, X.An.3.2.4.
10. in connexion with the person. Pron., “ἐγὼν αὐτόςOd.2.194; “σέθεν αὐτοῦIl.23.312; “νωΐτερον αὐτῶν15.39 (always divisim in Hom.); folld. by an enclit. Pron., “αὐτόν μινOd.4.244; so “αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ ΠρομηθέωςA.Pr.86; also “αὐτὸς ἔγωγεPl.Phd.59b, etc.:— after Hom. in the oblique cases αὐτός coalesces with the Pron., ἐμαυτοῦ, σεαυτοῦ (these not in Alc. or Sapph., A.D.Pron.80.10 sqq.), ἑαυτοῦ, etc. (q. v.).
b. with person. Pron. omitted, αὐτός . . ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Il.13.252; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν, 24.503; “αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ᾽ ἀφραδίῃσινOd.10.27; in 2.33 οἱ αὐτῷ is simply a strengthd. form of οἱ; and so in Att., when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. Pron., cf. X.Cyr.6.2.25 with 6.1.14.
11. αὐτός for αὐτός, the same, Il.12.225, Od.8.107, 16.138, Pi.N.5.1 (never in Trag.), and in later Prose, “αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραιςIG 14.966 (ii A. D.), cf. Ev.Luc.23.12.
12. Comp. “αὐτότεροςEpich.5: Sup. “αὐτότατοςhis very self, Ar.Pl.83: neut. pl. αὐτότατα dub. in Phld.Piet.80. Adv., Comp. “αὐτοτέρωςGal.18(2).431.
II. he, she, it, for the simple Pron. of 3 pers., only in oblique cases (exc. in later Gk., Ev.Luc.4.15, etc.), and rarely first in a sentence, Pl.La.194e, and later, Ep.Eph.2.10, etc.: rare in Ep., Il. 12.204 (where Hdn. treated it as enclitic), and mostly emphatic, ib.14.457, Od.16.388; so in Trag., E.Hel.421: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence, “ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα . . οὐκ οἶδα τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαιX.An.2.4.7; “πειράσομαι τῷ πάππῳ . . συμμαχεῖν αὐτῷId.Cyr.1.3.15; “ἄνδρα δὴ . . εἰ ἀφίκοιτο εἰς τὴν πόλιν, προσκυνοῖμεν ἂν αὐτόνPl.R.398a; after a Relative, “ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται . . ἔκλυον αὐτοῦIl.1.218; “οὓς μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησανX.An.6. 4.9, cf. 1.9.29; esp. where a second Verb requires a change of case in the Pron., “οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι . . ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναιId.An.2.5.27; “ἐκεῖνοι οἷς οὐκ ἐχαρίζονθ᾽ οἱ λέγοντες οὐδ᾽ ἐφίλουν αὐτούςD.3.24; in subdivisions, “ὅσοι . . οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν . . X.Cyr.1.1.1, cf. Pl.Chrm.168e; later, pleonastically after a Relative, “ὧν μὲν αὐτῶνCall.Epigr.43, cf. Ev.Luc.3.16, Apoc.7.2, etc.: in S.Ph.316 αὐτοῖς is emphatic 'in their own persons'.
2. in later Greek, the said, the above-named,Ἡρώδης αὐ.PLille23.8 (iii B. C.), etc.
IV. Adverbial phrases:
1.αὐτὸ μόνονsimply, merely, Ph. 2.252, etc.; “αὐ. μόνον ἐργάτηςLuc.Somn.9; “αὐ. μόνον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς φωνῆςA.D.Synt.22.20.
2. αὐτό as Adv., = ἄρτι, Epigr.Gr.540.1 (Thrace).
3. αὐτὸ τοῦτο as Adv., PGrenf.1.114 (ii B. C.), 2 Ep.Pet. 1.5; “τῆς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κινουμένης σφαίραςIamb. Comm.Math.17.
4. with Preps., “ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτόadded together, making a total, PLond.2.196.37 (ii A. D.); “κατὰ τὸ αὐτόtogether, at the same time, Act.Ap. 14.1, etc.; but “κατ᾽ αὐτόjust then, Hdn.1.12.3.
V. In Compos.:
1. of or by oneself, self- . . , as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.
2. hence, as a second self, very . . , bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.
3. in the abstract, the ideal, v. supr.1.4.
4. precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.
5. rarely with reflex. sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.
7. by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., v. the respective Arts.
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